Chap. 5 A&P Respiratory System

Question 1

What is the main function of the respiratory system

Answer 1

Gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO2) between cells of body and external enviornment

This process is called respiration

Question 2

Where does gas exchange happen between blood and outer atmosphere

Answer 2

Alveoli

Question 3

The digestive and respiratory passage ways meet in what region of the pharynx

Answer 3

Oropharynx

Question 4

The relaxation of respiratory muscles compresses the thorax and increases the air pressure in ????

Which organs

Answer 4

Lungs

Question 5

The are of the brain where breathing is controlled, regions of the the medulla oblangata and what other part

Answer 5

Pons

Question 6

Two primary tubes in the respiartoy system that branch from the trachea

Answer 6

Bronchi

Question 7

Contractions of the respiratory muscles result in

Answer 7

Increasing volume in the thorax

Question 8

Which of the following is not a mechanism by which CO2 is carried in the blood stream

Which option

Answer 8

Attaches to hemoglobin molecules

Dissolves gas in the plasma

As bicarbonate ions

Attached to hormone molecules in the blood

Question 9

Which of the following is not responsible for the changes occurring in the lungs during inspiration

Which option

Answer 9

The closed thoracic compartment which encloses the lungs

B) The nerve impulses reaching the lungs from the brain

The elasticity of lungs

The firm attachment of pleural membrane

Question 10

What is the function of the eppiglotis

Answer 10

Seal respiratory tract when swallowing food

Question 11

What is the function of the cartilage rings in the trachea

Answer 11

Prevents the collapse of the trachea

Question 12

What is inspiration

Answer 12

Inhaling

Pressure goes down
Volumes goes up
Diaphragm contracts goes down

Question 13

What is expiration

Answer 13

Presurrre goes up

Volumes goes down

Diaphragm relaxes and comes up

Question 14

What divides the nasal cavity

Answer 14

The nasal septum

Question 15

Openings from the nasal cavities that extend into the sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, and other bones of the skull are called what

Answer 15

Sinuses

Question 16

Sites where air in warmed

Answer 16

Conchae and sinuses

Question 17

The nasal cavity is associated with what sensse

Answer 17

Smell

Question 18

What is the nose adapted for

Answer 18

Warming, moistening, filtering air

Question 19

Do blood vessels warm the air we breath

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

Inflammation of the mucosal membranes is called

Answer 20

Rhinitis

Question 21

Allergies occuring in the nasal chambers are referred to as

Answer 21

Allergic rhinitis

Question 22

Where is the nasopharynx

Answer 22

Immediately behind the nasal cavities

Question 23

What is inferior to the nasopharynx

Answer 23

Oropharynx

Where the digestive and respiratory passageways meet posterior in the mouth

Question 24

Where lies immediately above the larynx

Answer 24

Laryngopharynx

Question 25

Two auditory tubes that open from the middle ear into the lateral walls of the nasopharynx

Answer 25

Eustachian

Question 26

What is the purpose of auditory tubes

Answer 26

Equalize air pressure

Question 27

Mass of lymphatic tissue | On the posterior wall of the nasopharynx in the medial region

Answer 27

Pharyngeal tonsils

Question 28

Where are the palatine tonsils located

Answer 28

Behind the nose

Question 29

What is the larynx made up of

Answer 29

Cartilage Connects pharynx and trachea at level of cervical vertebrea

Question 30

How many pieces of cartilage compose the larynx

Answer 30

9 in a box like formation

Question 31

The larynx

Answer 31

``` Epiglottis Supra-glottis Vocal cord Glottis Subglottis ```

Question 32

What connects the larynx and the trachea

Answer 32

Cricoid cartilage Resembles a signet

Question 33

Leaf shaped lid at the entry of the larynx

Answer 33

Epiglottis

Question 34

What is the opening of the larynx called

Answer 34

Glottis

Question 35

What are the functions of the larynx

Answer 35

Production of sound and passage way for air

Question 36

Nasal cavity

Answer 36

Hollow space within the nose

Question 37

Sinuses

Answer 37

Hollow spaces in the bones of skulls

Question 38

Larynx

Answer 38

Enlargement at the top of the trachea

Question 39

Bronchiole tree

Answer 39

Branched tubes that lead from the trachea to the alveoli

Question 40

What is the inflammation of the bronchial tree

Answer 40

Bronchitis

Question 41

What is asthma

Answer 41

Periodic attacks of wheezing Caused by spasms of smooth muscles Usually triggered by allergens in the environment

Question 42

What organs occupy most of the space of the thoracic cavity

Answer 42

Lungs

Question 43

What do the lungs consist of

Answer 43

Consist of million of small sacs called alveoli

Question 44

What is the average amount of alveoli in a human being

Answer 44

300 million

Question 45

Two layered membrane that surrounds each lung

Answer 45

Pleura

Question 46

What is the inner layer of the lung membrane called

Answer 46

Visceral Specific pain

Question 47

Outer layer of membrane that surround lung

Answer 47

Parietal General pain

Question 48

What is in between the visceral and parietal layer

Answer 48

Surfactant

Question 49

What is the plural cavity

Answer 49

Space between the visceral and parietal pleura

Question 50

Physiology of respiration

Answer 50

Gas exchange in alveoli Air enter lungs, alveoli lower pressure Air leaves lungs, alveoli has higher pressure

Question 51

What nerve detects pressure changes

Answer 51

Freenick nerve

Question 52

What does pressure change in lung depend on

Answer 52

Elasticity Presence of closed thoracic compartment Alignment of visceral pleura just next to parietal pleura

Question 53

What muscles contract during inspiration

Answer 53

External intercostal muscles

Question 54

Does contraction of intercostal muscles increase the volume of the thorax

Answer 54

Yes

Question 55

Approx how many ml of air leave and enter ling during one breath

Answer 55

500 ml

Question 56

Under the rest condition normal breath 500 ml of air enters and leaves the lungs, what is this called

Answer 56

Resting tidal volume

Question 57

After expiration how many ml of air remain in the lungs

Answer 57

2500 ml

Question 58

Should a person force air out of lungs about how much ml of air will reamin in lungs

Answer 58

1000 ml This volume is called residual volume

Question 59

What is vital capacity of lungs

Answer 59

2500-3500 ml of air in addition to 500 ml

Question 60

How is breathing controlled

Answer 60

Controlled by contraction of respiratory muscles which are stimulated by nerves

Question 61

The main area of respiratory muscles control is a portion of the brain called

Answer 61

Respiratory control center

Question 62

The respiratory control center is located in the brain stem and includes what parts of the brain

Answer 62

Medulla oblongata Pons

Question 63

Receptors of the respiratory system

Answer 63

Chemical receptors Chemoreceptors Located in carotid arteries and the arch of the aorta

Question 64

What monitors the dissolve oxygen and content of blood

Answer 64

Chemoreceptors

Question 65

The activity of respiratory center and chemoreceptors voluntary or involuntary

Answer 65

Involuntary

Question 66

What is hyperventilation

Answer 66

Deep and rapid breathing

Question 67

How many oxygen molecules can hemoglobin carry

Answer 67

4

Question 68

What percent of gas that is dissolved

Answer 68

2

Question 69

What percent of gas is carried

Answer 69

98%

Question 70

What does a hemoglobin molecule does not have oxygen attached then it has what attached

Answer 70

CO2