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Comp sci > Chap 5.1 - The internet & its uses (Internet and WWW, digital currency) > Flashcards

Chap 5.1 - The internet & its uses (Internet and WWW, digital currency) Flashcards

1
Q

define internet

A

global network of interconnected computers

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2
Q

define World wide web

A

a collection of web pages accessed via the internet

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3
Q

difference between internet and WWW

A

-the Internet can function without the WWW but the WWW cannot function without the Internet
-the Internet is the infrastructure & the World Wide Web is a service built on top of it

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4
Q

does www relie on internet

A

yes

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5
Q

does the internet relie on www

A

no

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6
Q

how do you access a web page

A

URl

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7
Q

What are in the website address

A

-domain host
-domain name
-domain type
-country code

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8
Q

what does URl stand for

A

Uniform Resource Locator

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9
Q

why is it called URL

A

Uniform- consistent format
Resource- web page, pdf, pic etc
Locator- finder

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10
Q

what is the format of a URL

A

protocol:// website address /path /file name

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11
Q

what is the domain host

A

www

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12
Q

what is the domain name

A

website name

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13
Q

what is the domain type

A

eg. .com , .org

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14
Q

what is path

A

web page directing to file

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15
Q

what is file name

A

item on web page

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16
Q

is www used for apps

A

no

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17
Q

what is index page

A

first page of a website

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18
Q

what is hyperlink

A

text or picture that links to a website

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19
Q

what is address bar

A

where you type URl

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20
Q

what is a web

A

interconnected websites

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21
Q

What are the protocols

A

-https
-http

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22
Q

What does http mean

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol

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23
Q

What does https mean

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol secure

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24
Q

what are the features of http (4)

A

-date transmission in plain text
-can intercept data or eavesdrop
-used for website without sensitive date
-faster than https

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25
What are the features of https (3)
-date transmissions are encrypted using an encryption algorithm (secure) -protected against eavesdropping and data interception -used for website with sensitive data -have padlock symbol on website
26
how do you know a website is secure
-will have padlock symbol -https
27
2 encryption algorithms
SSL and TLS
28
What does SSL stand for
Secure Socket Layer
29
Who issues encryption algorithms
Certificate authority (CA)
30
What does SSL do
-has a public key for encryption -server has the only private key used to decrypt data -key is encrypted
31
What is web browser
-software that connects DNS to locate IP address -display web pages by rendering HTML
32
What are the functions of web browser
-store websites as bookmarks -keep history of website user visited -can switch between websites -use tabs to open multiple web pages -data stored as cache -use hyperlinks -use cookies -uses address bar -have a home page
33
What is DNS
Domain name server
34
What is the first DNS
ISP
35
What is ISP
internet service provider
36
How does a browser look up a web page using DNS
-user opens browser, types URL and browser asks DNS (1) to map URL to IP address -If DNS (1) don't have, request sent to DNS (2) which maps URL to IP and sends it to DNS (1) -DNS (1) put IP and associates URL to it's database/ cache -Website server sends HTML files and IP address to comp and required pages are downloaded. Browser displays content by rendering HTML
37
What does HTML files do when the browser interoperates it
structures content
38
what is forward look up
DNS - IP
39
What is reverse look up
IP - DNS
40
what is a cookie
text file sent to user's browser to track user preferences
41
what are persistent cookies
cookie stored in user's hard drive
42
what are session cookies
temporarily stored cookie on user's computer
43
similarities between session and persistent cookies
-stores user's preferences -saves user's items in a virtual shopping cart
44
differences between session and persistent cookies
session: -stored in temporary memory of comp -new cookie created when revisiting website -don't collect personal info -deleted once user leaves website -doesn't identify user persistent: -stored in hard drive of comp -stored until expiry data or user deletes it -has personal details that logins user when revisiting website -remain after browser closes -identifies user when they revisit website -allows progress on games/ quizzes to be stored
45
What is digital currency
currency managed, stored & exchanged digitally & issued by a central authority
46
what is cryptocurrency
digital currency that uses cryptography for security based on a blockchain and lacks a central authority
47
same btw digital currency & cryptocurrency
-both are digital -stored in digital wallets & transacted through internet -potentially accessible to anyone with internet access -experience fluctuation in value
48
diff. btw digital currency & cryptocurrency
digital: - crypto: -
49
How does cryptocurrency work
block chaining
50
what is the problem with centralisation
maintaining confidentiality and security
51
what is a block chain
-decentralised database that stores transactions -consists of interconnected computers with no central server -uses cryptocurrency to monitor all transactions
52
what is the name of the first block in a block chain
genesis block
53
what does all blocks in a block chain contain
-data (info. abt transaction) -hash value -previous hash value
54
how does block chaining remove security issues/ changed blocks
-each block has a unique hash value which changes when tampered with -the next block previous hash value does not match to the changed has value -hash value link with other blocks are broken -next block and beyond, transaction with following blocks, are invalid
55
what happens when a new transaction is made
new transactions- new block- new hash value with timestamp hash value is unique to each block, timestamp identifies when event took place
56
what is the previous hash value of genesis block
00 00
57
what is proof of work
10 mins necessary to check a block before it is added or a transaction happens
58
who are miners
those who do proof of work and get commissions in cryptocurrency for them
59
how do you tackle a block chain
need to tackle all blocks at the same time
60
what happens if data changes
hash value changes
61
what does a block show
a transaction had taken place

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