Chap 9/10 Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are sex cells called?
Gametes
What are different gene forms known as?
Alleles
What is the function of spindle fibers?
To pull the chromosomes apart
What structures are made of DNA and pass on genetic information?
Chromosomes
How many cells are produced in mitosis?
Four
What is the cell division of all cells of the body except for sex cells?
Mitosis
What are cells that only have one set of chromosomes called?
Haploid
What type of cell division takes place in sex cells?
Meiosis
What makes the spindle fibers and strengthens and reinforces?
Centrioles
What structure holds together sister chromatids?
Centromeres
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle?
Metaphase
During which phase do synapses and crossing over occur?
Prophase I
If the nucleus of a goat’s skin cell has 48 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are in the sperm cell of the goat?
24
During anaphase, what pulls the chromosomes apart?
Spindle fibers
What is the typical growth period of a cell during the cell cycle?
G1
What stage of mitosis begins to reform the nuclear envelope and breaks down the spindle?
Telophase
Which process produces an exact copy of itself?
Mitosis
What occurs when an area of a chromatid is exchanged with the matching area on a chromatid of its homologous chromosome?
Crossing over
What explains why cell size is limited?
Both a and c (Volume increases faster than the surface area, and DNA content)
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase
What is contact inhibition?
Occurs when cells touch each other and stop dividing
How do cancerous cells affect normal cells?
By depriving the cells of nutrients
What is the final result of meiosis?
Four haploid gametes
What happens to cells in cancer?
They grow and divide at an abnormally high rate
