Chapt 1

Question 1

What are the means of knowing

Answer 1

traditional
experience
logic
scientific

Question 2

What is the purpose of science

Answer 2

describe
explore
explain
predict and control

Question 3

What is deductive approach

Answer 3

a method of research going from the general to the specific like hypotheses generated from theories
usu quantitative

Question 4

What is inductive reasoning

Answer 4

generating hypotheses from specific observations

usu quan or qual

Question 5

What do comparison questions tend to be

Answer 5

quan

Question 6

What are the nursing roles in research

Answer 6

consumer
team member
producer

Question 7

What is NINR

Answer 7

national institute of nursing research

Question 8

What are the main areas of focus for NINR

Answer 8

H promo and disease prevent 
advancing the qual of life
end of life and palliative care
innovation 
developing nurse scientists

Question 9

What is the differences between a research article and a clinical article

Answer 9

the research art will
have all parts of the research process labeled
they are not “how to” articles

Question 10

What are the parts of a research article from top to bot

Answer 10

TITLE 
abstract
intro
literature review
purpose 
question 
hypo
theoretical framwork
method 
design
sample 
procedures 
instruments 
ethics 
results
analyssi
conclusion 
implications 
references

Question 11

What are things used to assess the strength of evidence

Answer 11

levels
quality
quantity
consistency

Question 12

What are the levels of evidence

Answer 12

1- meta analysis or systematic review of RCT’s
2- RCT’s or experimental studies
3- quasi experimental
4- non-experimental studies
5- case reports, program evaluations, qualitative research
6- opinion of respected authorities

Question 13

What are the three types of research questions

Answer 13

explore describe
relationship or compare
experiment or quasi experiment

Question 14

When are experimental or quasi exp questions used

Answer 14

when your testing something or a theory

Question 15

What is the independent variable

Answer 15

the variable that has an effect on the dependent

like the intervention

Question 16

What is a conceptual variable

Answer 16

how we normally define it

Question 17

What is an operational variable

Answer 17

the way we measure the variable

Question 18

How are explore or describe research questions usually written

Answer 18

as an explorative statement

“the purpose of this study is to explore”

Question 19

How are relationship or compare research questions usually written

Answer 19

just as a question “what is the relationship between…”

Question 20

How are experimental or quasi exp research questions usually written

Answer 20

“the purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis/efficacy/theory of”

Question 21

What are the different types of hypotheses

Answer 21

casual 
simple 
complex 
directional 
non-directional 
NUL (Ho) statistical

Question 22

What is a complex hypothesis

Answer 22

has three or more variables

Question 23

What is a directional hypothesis

Answer 23

states the direction something should go

like if it should be positive or negative or if the numbers should go up or down

Question 24

What is a non-directional hypothesis

Answer 24

thinks it will go is a certain direction but doesnt know which way

Question 25

What is a NUL or statistical hypothesis

Answer 25

states their isn't relationship

Question 26

What is the process of a critical appraisal called

Answer 26

a critique

Question 27

What are the steps of implementing EBP

Answer 27

``` ask clinical Q's gather evidence critically appraise act to change practice with EBP evaluate ```

Question 28

What is a publication

Answer 28

a shortened version of the researcher(s) completed work.

Question 29

What does the introduction do

Answer 29

presents a background of the area researched and its significance to practice

Question 30

Where does the purpose defined at

Answer 30

the end of intro the end of literature review the end of theoretical framework

Question 31

Where are hypotheses or research questions typically found

Answer 31

in the intro or background

Question 32

Where would you find the research design

Answer 32

in the abstract purpose statement the intro to the procedures or methods

Question 33

Do qual studies have hypotheses

Answer 33

no

Question 34

What are some tips to determining if the research is quan

Answer 34

hypotheses? control and treatment groups the terms survey, correlational, case control, or cohort are used random or convenience are mentioned in relation to the sample • Variables are measured by instruments or scales reliablility of instruments is discussed their is statistical analysis

Question 35

Where is sampling discussed at

Answer 35

methods

Question 36

Where is reliability and validity discuss

Answer 36

methods

Question 37

Where are the procedures and collection methods discussed

Answer 37

procedures section

Question 38

What is in the discussion sectioni of a research study

Answer 38

how the results relate to the literature

Question 39

What is a meta analysis

Answer 39

a systematic review that used statistical techniques to summarize and assess the studies

Question 40

What is a consensus guidelines

Answer 40

clinical guidelines developed by experts in the field

Question 41

What are EvidenceBased guidelines

Answer 41

developed using published research

Question 42

what are the common steps of QI methods

Answer 42

Conducting an assessment • Setting goals for improvement • creating ideas for changing current practice • Deciding how improvements will be measured Rapidly testing those changes • Measuring the improvements in care making the change a new standard of care