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Positioning & Procedures > Chapt. 3 > Flashcards

Chapt. 3 Flashcards

1
Q

determines the shape, position, and movement of the internal organs

A

body habitus

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2
Q

sthenic (average)

A

heart: moderately transverse
lungs: moderate length
diaphragm: moderately high
50% population

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3
Q

asthenic (very slender)

A

heart: nearly vertical and at midline
lungs: long, apices above clavicles
diaphragm: low
10% of population

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4
Q

hyposthenic (slender)

A

organs are intermediate between sthenic and athenic body habitus
35% of population

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5
Q

hypersthenic (massive)

A

heart: axis nearly transverse
lungs: short, apices at or near clavicles
diaphragm: high
5% of population

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6
Q

single sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, 12 thoracic vertebrae

A

bony thorax (thorax)

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7
Q

2 lungs, 1 heart

A

thoracic cavity (thorax)

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8
Q

cardiovascular organs, lymphatic organs, inferior esophagus, thymus gland

A

respiratory organs (thorax)

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9
Q

cardiovascular organs, lymphatic organs, inferior esophagus, thymus gland

A

respiratory organs (thorax)

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10
Q

bounded by the walls of the thorax and extends from the superior thoracic aperture to the inferior thoracic aperture

A

thoracic cavity (thorax)

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11
Q

sternum, ribs, t-spine

A

bony thorax (thorax)

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12
Q

what separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm

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13
Q

3 separate chambers within the thoracic cavity

A

pericardial cavity
left pleural cavity
right pleural cavity

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14
Q

thoracic cavities are lined by what

A

slippery and delicate serous membrane

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15
Q

the space between the left and right pleural cavities

A

mediastinum

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16
Q

contains all the thoracic structures except the lungs and pleurae

A

mediastinum

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17
Q

consists of pharynx, trachea, bronchi, and 2 lungs

A

respiratory system

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18
Q

air enters through the nose/mouth, ___, through the bronchial tree into the lungs

A

pharynx

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19
Q

fibrous, muscular tube with 16-20 c-shaped cartilaginous rings embedded in its walls

A

trachea

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20
Q

posterior aspect is flat, lies midline and anterior to the esophagus

A

trachea

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21
Q

the last cartilage ring is elongated and has a hook like process

A

trachea

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22
Q

area where the trachea bifurcates into the primary bronchi

A

carina

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23
Q

primary bronchi enters into the left and right lungs at a notch or depression called a

A

hilus or hilum

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24
Q

foreign bodies entering through the trachea are more likely to enter into the

A

right bronchus

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25
Q

terminals communicate with

A

alveolar ducts

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26
Q

alveolar ducts end in

A

alveolar sacs

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27
Q

walls of alveolar sacs are lined with

A

alveoli

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28
Q

oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged by __ in alveoli

A

diffusion

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29
Q

organs of respiration

A

lungs

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30
Q

introduce oxygen into the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the blood

A

lungs

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31
Q

lungs are covered by a layer of

A

serous membrane

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32
Q

lungs are composed of a substance called

A

parenchyma

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33
Q

functioning part of any organ; light, spongy, and highly elastic

A

parechyma

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34
Q

superior portion of lungs

A

apex

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35
Q

inferior portion of lungs

A

base

36
Q

broad area that rests obliquely on the diaphragm

A

base of lungs

37
Q

sides of lungs

A

costophrenic angles

38
Q

most inferior and lateral aspect of the lung

A

costophrenic angles

39
Q

medial border of lung

A

hilum

40
Q

left inferior/ mediastinal surface of lung

A

cardiac notch

41
Q

conforms to the heart

A

cardiac notch

42
Q

double walled serous membrane sac surrounding each lung

A

pleura

43
Q

inner layer of pleural sac

A

visceral pleura

44
Q

outer layer of pleural sac

A

parietal pleura

45
Q

space between the 2 pleural walls

A

pleural cavity

46
Q

right lung has __ lobes

A

3

47
Q

left lung has __ lobes

A

2

48
Q

right lung is shorter than left bc of presence of

A

liver

49
Q

what lung is broader

A

right

50
Q

posterior portion of neck is

A

osseous structures

51
Q

anterior portion of neck is

A

upper respiratory and digestive system

52
Q

small oval bodies located on the posterior portion of the thyroid

A

parathyroid glands

53
Q

produces parathyroid hormones (PTH)

A

parathyroid glands

54
Q

involved with the metabolism of calcium and phosphors

A

PTH parathyroid hormones

55
Q

tubular structure located in front of the spine and behind the nose, mouth, and larynx

A

pharynx

56
Q

acts as a passageway for food and air

A

pharynx

57
Q

most superior portion; allows for the passage of air from the nasal cavity to the larynx

A

nasopharynx

58
Q

located in the roof and posterior wall of nasopharynx

A

pharyngeal tonsils

59
Q

lymphoid tissue that has protective immune functions

A

adenoids

60
Q

connects middle ear with nasopharynx

A

auditory (eustachian tube)

61
Q

you can only see air in

A

lungs and bowels

62
Q

pouch like opening at the base of the tongue

A

valleculae

63
Q

located at the base of the tongue

A

lingual tonsils

64
Q

typically known as “tonsils”

A

palatine tonsils

65
Q

posterior extension of oral cavity

A

oropharynx

66
Q

continues from oropharynx to the esophagus

A

laryngopharynx

67
Q

aspirated foreign objects are most likely to enter

A

right primary bronchus

68
Q

level of trachea bifurcation is the

A

carina

69
Q

divert food away from the entrance of the larynx

A

piriform sinus

70
Q

bony skeleton protecting the vocal cords

A

larynx

71
Q

organ of the voice

A

larynx

72
Q

adam’s apple is the

A

laryngeal prominence

73
Q

false vocal record

A

vestibular folds

74
Q

true vocal record

A

vocal folds

75
Q

edge of vocal folds

A

rima glottidis

76
Q

“trap door” that prevents leakage in the larynx when swallowing

A

epiglottis

77
Q

space bounded by the sternum anteriorly, spine posteriorly, and lungs laterally

A

mediastinum

78
Q

mediastinum contains the:
(9)

A

heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymphatics, nerves, fibrous tissue, fat

79
Q

part of the digestive system

A

esophagus

80
Q

descends through the posterior part of the mediastinum and runs anteriorly to exit through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

A

esophagus

81
Q

when the __ is filled with __ it outlines the posterior border of the heart and aorta

A

esophagus, barium

82
Q

primary control organ of the lymphatic system

A

thymus gland

83
Q

produces thymosin

A

thymus gland

84
Q

important in immune system development and maturation

A

thymosin

85
Q

2 pyramid shaped-shaped lobes, located in the lower neck and superior mediastinum

A

thymus gland

86
Q

lindbloom position is

A

lordotic

Positioning & Procedures (7 decks)

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