Chapter 02: Transmission Genetics Flashcards
(23 cards)
Males and females are affected in equal numbers. [Inheritance]
Autosomal dominant/recessive
Each individual who has the disease has at least one affected parent. [Inheritance]
Autosomal dominant
Either sex can transmit the disease. [Inheritance]
Autosomal dominant/recessive
If one parent is affected and the other is not, roughly half the offspring express the disease. [Inheritance]
Autosomal dominant
Two unaffected parents will not have any children with disease. [Inheritance]
Autosomal dominant
Two affected parents may produce unaffected children. [Inheritance]
Autosomal dominant
Individuals who have the disease are often born to parents who do not. [Inheritance]
Autosomal recessive
If only one parent has the disorder, the risk of passing it on depends on the genotype of the other parent. [Inheritance]
Autosomal recessive
If both parents have the disorder, all children will have the disorder. [Inheritance]
Autosomal recessive
If an affected child is born from unaffected parents, the risk to subsequent children is 1/4. [Inheritance]
Autosomal recessive
If the disease is rare in the population, unaffected parents of an affected child are more likely to be related to one another. [Inheritance]
Autosomal recessive
For the cross BBxBb, what are the expected genotype and phenotype ratios?
Genotype - 1:1:0
Phenotype - 1:0
What are the five features of Mendel’s experiments?
Controlled crosses, pure-breeding strains, single traits with dichotomous phenotypes, quantification of results, replicate- reciprocal- and test-crosses
Define replicate cross.
Repeating the same cross over and over
Define reciprocal cross.
Same genotypes are crossed, but sex of parents is switched
Define test cross.
Crossing an unknown genotype with an organism that’s homozygous recessive for the same trait
What theory did Mendel reject?
Blending theory of inheritance
What theory did Mendel support?
Theory of particulate inheritance
What is the law of segregation (Mendel’s first law)?
The two alleles for each trait will separate during gamete formation, and they each have an equal chance (0.5) of inclusion; there is random unity during fertilization
What is the law of independent assortment (Mendel’s second law)?
The segregation of alleles at one locus is independent of the segregation of alleles at a different locus
The PAR is found on both the X and Y chromosome. [T/F]
True.
What syndrome has the genotype 46XO?
Turner syndrome
Define haploinsufficiency.
When two copies of the wild-type allele are needed to produce the wild-type phenotype
