Chapter 03

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

When energy signal activates, stimulates the receptor cell

Question 2

Perception

Answer 2

Mentally organize and interpret signals

Question 3

Absolute Threshold

Answer 3

The cells minimum level of energy that produces a sensation

Question 4

Subliminal Stimulation

Answer 4

The sensation is there but below threshold

Question 5

Difference Threshold

Answer 5

Minimum difference in intensity from two energy sources needed to perceive them as not the same

Question 6

Signal Detection Theory

Answer 6

Theory that more than cell reaction is important in signal detection

Question 7

Selective Attention

Answer 7

A factor where you consciously direct your focus

Question 8

Feature Detectors (Hubel & Wiesel)

Answer 8

Cells in occipital lobe that react to features such as lines, angles, and gradients

Question 9

Desensitization

Answer 9

When cells decrease response over time

Question 10

Sensitization

Answer 10

When cells increase response over time

Question 11

Retina

Answer 11

The layer of the eye containing visual receptor cells

Question 12

Rods

Answer 12

Composes the retina layer, reacts to light intensity

Question 13

Cones

Answer 13

Composes the retina layer, reacts to color

Question 14

Trichromatic Theroy

Answer 14

Red, green, and blue-violet cell types are all that is needed to create all visible colors

Question 15

Opponent Process Theory

Answer 15

That three cell types are: red-green, blue-yellow, and brightness

Question 16

Monochromat

Answer 16

Has rod cells, can see shades of gray, but no cone cells and cannot see color

Question 17

Dichromat

Answer 17

Missing some cone cells, would mix up only certain differences in color

Question 18

Figure Ground

Answer 18

To focus on one part of the situation, perceive the focus against a background

Question 19

Proximity Rule

Answer 19

Tendency to organize items near each other as a coherent group

Question 20

Closure Rule

Answer 20

For vague, or incomplete imagesL tend to fill in what is missing, but not actually noticing what is missing

Question 21

Continuity Rule

Answer 21

Tendency to perceive events close in time and space as being connected

Question 22

Stroboscopic Motion

Answer 22

Illusion of movement by rapid presentation of images

Question 23

Monocular Cues

Answer 23

Depth indicators requiring only one eye to see that there is depth or distance

Question 24

Binocular Cues

Answer 24

Require input of two eyes in a comparison process

Question 25

Conductive Deafness

Answer 25

Workings of the inner ear are less flexible

Question 26

Sensorineural Deafness

Answer 26

Cells die off within the ear

Question 27

Nociceptors

Answer 27

Receptor cells within the skin that detect pain

Question 28

Gate Theory (Malzak & Wall)

Answer 28

All signals pass through spinal cord, if it has enough other signals, they are blocked

Question 29

Phantom Limb

Answer 29

The sensation of having a missing limb

Question 30

Matrix Theory

Answer 30

A neural net of sensations in the cortex

Question 31

Kinesthesis

Answer 31

Informs you of body positions and movement

Question 32

Equilibrium

Answer 32

Signals from your inner ear canals tell you if you are upright