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Anatomy And Physiology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Proximal and distal are especially used in anatomy of the ?

A

Limbs

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2
Q

Proximal meaning?

A

Close to the point of origin

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3
Q

Distal meaning?

A

Farther from the origin

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4
Q

When describing the trunk and referring to a structure that is above or below

A

Superior & inferior

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5
Q

Anterior meaning?

A

Front of the chest and abdomen

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6
Q

Interchangeable with anterior?

A

Ventral

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7
Q

Posterior?

A

Back side of the body

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8
Q

Interchangeable with dorsal is?

A

Posterior

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9
Q

Dorsum

A

Upper surface of foot and back of hand.

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10
Q

Ventral

A

Toward front or belly

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11
Q

Dorsal

A

Toward back or spine

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12
Q

Cephalic

A

Toward head or superior end

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13
Q

Rostral

A

Toward the fore head or nose

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14
Q

Medial

A

Toward the median plane

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15
Q

Superior

A

Above

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16
Q

Inferior

A

Below

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17
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the median plane

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18
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side of the body

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19
Q

Contralateral

A

On opposite sides of the body

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20
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to the body surface

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21
Q

Deep

A

Farther from the body surface

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22
Q

Sagittal plane?

A

Passes vertically through and divides left to right

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23
Q

The sagittal plane that divides the body or organ into equal halves is called? Or?

A

Median or midsagittal plane

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24
Q

Head and pelvic organs are commonly illustrated on what plane?

A

The median

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25
Off center sagittal planes are also called?
Parasagittal
26
Anatomical position is?
Person standing upright, feet flat on floor, arms at side, palms and face forwards
27
The four quadrants
Right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, left lower quadrant, right lower quadrant
28
Anatomy is describing what?
The structure of the human body
29
Physiology is the study of
The function of the human body
30
Branch of medicine concerned with imaging is?
Radiology
31
Gross anatomy is the study of
Structures that can be seen with the naked eye
32
Histology
Examination of tissues with a microscope
33
Histopathology
Microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease
34
Cytology
Study of structure and function of cells
35
Inductive method
Making numerous observations until one becomes confident in drawing generalizations and predictions
36
Inductive method obtained a lot of knowledge for?
Anatomy
37
The hypothetico- deductive method
Investigator formulates a hypothesis
38
Control group gets
A placebo
39
Treatment group gets
The medicine
40
Scientific fact
Information that can be independently verified
41
Law of nature
The way matter and energy behave, from inductive reasoning
42
Theory
An explanatory statement derived from fact law and confirmed hypothesis
43
Simplest level of hierarchy
Atoms
44
Atoms make up what?
Molecules
45
Molecules make up what?
Organelles
46
Organelles make up
Cells
47
Cell are
The most basic form of life
48
Cells make up
Tissues
49
Tissues make up
Organs
50
Organs make up
Organ systems
51
Organ systems make up
Organisms
52
The important characteristic of life
Homeostasis
53
Homeostasis
The ability to detect change, activate mechanism that oppose it and maintain relatively stable internal conditions
54
3 parts of negative feedback loop
1 receptors 2 integrating (control) sensors 3 effectors
55
What does a receptor do?
Structure that senses change in the body
56
What does control sensor do?
Processes the sensory information and “makes a decision and directs the response
57
What does the effector do?
Cell or organ that carries out the final corrective action to restore homeostasis
58
Positive feedback loop
Self amplifying cycle, produces rapid change
59
Gradients
Difference in chemical concentration, charge, temperature or pressure between two points
60
Matter and energy tend to flow
Down gradient
61
Dorsal cavity includes
Brain and spinal cord lines with meninges
62
Ventral cavity includes
Thoracic cavity and abdomino pelvic cavity
63
Cavities of the dorsal cavity
Cranial and vertebral
64
Parts of thoracic cavity
Pleural cavities (2) and pericardial
65
Parts of abdomino pelvic cavity
Abdominal cavity and pelvic

Anatomy And Physiology (7 decks)

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