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Anatomy and Physiology 203 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Back (Dorsal) Area

A

Scapular, Vertebral, Lumbar, Sacral, Glute, and Perenial Regions.

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2
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Heart and Blood Vessels

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3
Q

Integumentary system

A

Skin, hair and nails

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4
Q

Thoracic Cavity (Continents)

A
  • 2 Pleural Cavities for the lungs

- Mediastinum which contains the Pericardial Cavity

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5
Q

Types of Microscopic anatomy

A

1) Cytology) Study of cells and cellular stages

2) Histology) study of Tissues

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6
Q

Nervous system

A

Brain, spinal chord and nerves

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7
Q

Frontal Plane

A

Splits body into anterior and posterior parts

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8
Q

Superior

A

(Cranial)
Toward the head
(Superman)

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9
Q

Sagital Plane

A

Cuts body into left and right parts
Midsagittal) on midline
ParaSagittal) not on midline

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10
Q

Survival Needs

A

1) Nutrients (Food) for energy/cell building
2) Oxygen) for energy release (ATP production)
3) Water) Environment for chemical reactions/ fluid base
4) Normal body temperature) 37C (98.6) Affect chemical reaction rate
5) Appropriate Atmospheric pressure) Adequate gas exchange

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11
Q

Components of a Control Mechanism

A

1) Receptor {Sensor} ) Monitors environment/ Respond to stimuli
(Travels on affluent pathway)
2) Control Center) Receives input and determines response
(Travels on Effluent pathway)
3) Effector) Receives response and determines means to respons

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12
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

-Abdominal cavity and Pelvic cavity.

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13
Q

Visceral Serosa

A

-Membrane that covers internal organs.

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14
Q

Homeostasis

A
  • Maintenance of stable internal environment

- Done through continuous monitoring of variables and communication via control mechanisms

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15
Q

Thoracic Area

A

Sternal, Auxiliary, and Mammary.

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16
Q

Lower Limb

A

Coxal (hip), femoral, Patellar, Crueal, And fibular area. Popliteal and Sural regions on back of leg

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17
Q

Manus Area

A

Palmar, Digits, and Pollux Region. Metacarpal on back of hand.

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18
Q

Respiratory System

A

Trachea and Larynx. Lungs and Bronchi

2 and 2

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19
Q

The Two major body regions

A

1) Axial (Head, Neck, and Trunk)

2) Appendicular) Limbs.

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20
Q

Upper Limb Area

A

Acromial, Brachial (Arm), Antecubital, Antebrachial, and Carpal Area. We have the OleCranal region on the elbow.

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21
Q

Endocrine System

A

Pituitary gland, pineal gland (PP on da brain) Thyroid and Thymus (TT in da throat), adrenal glands, pancreas, and the gonads (APG everything else).

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22
Q

Types of Gross anatomy

A

1) Regional) All structures in a specific region
2) Systematic) looking at specific systems
3) Surface) looking at structures as they appear under the skin

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23
Q

Male reproductive system

A

Penis and testis

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24
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body

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25
Muscular System
Muscles and Tendons
26
Ventral Body Cavity
Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities.
27
Deep
(Internal) | Further From the Body's surface.
28
Types of Anatomy
1) Gross (Macroscopic) 2) Microscopic 3) Developmental
29
Proximal
Closer to an origin point on the body | Ex) the elbow is proximal to the wrist
30
Body Cavities Exposed to the Environment
- Oral/Digestive cavities (GI Tract) - Orbital Cavity - Nasal Cavity - Middle Ear Cavity
31
Dorsal Body Cavity
Cranial Cavity and the Vertbracial Cavity
32
Cervical Region
Cervical Vertebrae area.
33
Posterior
(Dorsal) To the back of the Body (Dorsal Fin)
34
Serous Membrane/Serosa
Double-layered membrane found in body cavities
35
Positive Feedback Loop
-Response to stimulus. Response will enhance or exaggerate original stimulus. EX) Contractions in childbirth causing more contractions.
36
Body Cavities not Exposed to the environment
-Synovial (Joint) cavities
37
Medial
Toward the Midline of the body
38
Intermediate
Between a more Medial and Lateral point.
39
Necessary Life Functions
1) Maintaining boundaries) using membranes/skin 2) Movement) voluntary and involuntary 3) Responsiveness) to stimuli 4) Digestion) 5) Metabolism) Catabolic and Anabolic reactions 6) Excretion) of waste and CO2 (O2 for plants) 7) Reproduction) of cells/offspring 8) Growth.
40
Pedal Area
Tarsal, Metatarsal, Digits, and Hallux on the front. Calcaneal and Plantar area on the back.
41
Body Planes and Sections
Flat surface along which a body structure can be cut for anatomical study. Sections are cuts across the body plane.
42
Digestive System
Esophagus, Stomach, Intestines, Liver, Galbladder, Pancreas.
43
Lymphatic System
Thymus, Thoracic Duct, Lymph nodes, Lymph vessels, Bone Marrow, and Spleen
44
Levels of organization (Of life)
1) Chemical 2) Cellular 3) Tissue 4) Organ 5) Organ System 6) Organismal
45
Distal
Further From an origin point on the body | Ex) the knee is distal to the thigh
46
Female Reproductive System
Mammary glands, ovaries, uterus, vagina.
47
Anatomical Position
- Body Erect - Feet slightly apart - Arms at side with palms facing forward.
48
Transverse Region
Splits body into superior and inferior parts.
49
Pelvic Area
Ingruenal (Groin)
50
Cephalic Region
Frontal, Optical, Nasal, Buccal (Cheek), Oral, and Mental (Chin) region. Otic and Occipital regions on the back
51
Parietal Serosa
-Membrane that lines internal body cavities
52
Abdominal Area
Umbilical Cord
53
Urinary system
Liver, Urinary bladder, and Urethra
54
Superficial
(External) | Closer to the body's surface
55
Anterior
(Ventral) | Toward the Front of the bodu
56
Inferior
(Caudal) Away from the head toward the feet (Inferno)
57
Skeletal system
Contains bones, muscles, and ligaments
58
Pubic Region.
Genitals
59
Negative Feedback Loop
-Response to stimulus. This type of response will reduce/ shut off original stimulus -Variable will change in opposite direction EX) Body is cold so a person will shiver until the body is warm enough
60
Cranial Cavity
-Contains Brain
61
Vertebral Cavity
Contains Spinal chord
62
Abdominal cavity
contains digestive organs
63
Pelvic Cavity
Urinary Bladder, Reproductive organs, kidneys and rectum

Anatomy and Physiology 203 (43 decks)

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