Chapter 1

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass or takes up space

Question 2

Atom

Answer 2

Building blocks of matter

Question 3

Element

Answer 3

Each element is made of the same kind of atom

Question 4

Compound

Answer 4

A compound is made up of two or more different kinds of elements

Question 5

Solids

Answer 5

Fixed shape, Fixed volume. Atoms & molecules close with restricted motion

Question 6

Liquids

Answer 6

Indefinite shape, fixed volume. Atoms & molecules close together but are able to flow

Question 7

Gases

Answer 7

Indefinite shape, indefinite volume. Atoms & molecules separated by lots of empty space

Question 8

Substance

Answer 8

An element or a compound

Question 9

Element

Answer 9

Single type of element, cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Item off of periodic table

Question 10

Compound

Answer 10

Two or more type of atom, can be decomposed

Question 11

Homogenous mixture

Answer 11

Evenly distributed, composition is the same

Question 12

Heterogenous mixture

Answer 12

Composition is different

Question 13

Filtration

Answer 13

Solid substances are separated from liquids and solutions (ie Coffee maker)

Question 14

Distillation

Answer 14

Uses differences in boiling points of substances to separate a homogenous mixture into its components. (ie salt water distillation)

Question 15

Chromatography

Answer 15

Seperating substances on the basis of differences in solubility in a solvent. Higher it goes, more soluble it is. Solution will split as it rises up the paper when placed in a solvent. (ie food die lab)

Question 16

Physical Properties (definition)

Answer 16

Can be observed without changing a substance into another substance

Question 17

Physical Properties (ex)

Answer 17

Boiling point, density, mass, volume, etc.

Question 18

Chemical Properties (definition)

Answer 18

Can only be observed when a substance is changed into another substance

Question 19

Chemical Properties (ex)

Answer 19

Flammability, corrosiveness, reactivity with acid, etc.

Question 20

Intensive Properties (definition)

Answer 20

Properties that are “IN-side” the material. Are independent of the amount of substance that is present

Question 21

Intensive Properties (ex)

Answer 21

Density, boiling point, color, etc.

Question 22

Extensive Properties (definition)

Answer 22

“EX-tends” to how much material there is. Dependent upon the amount of material present.

Question 23

Extensive Properties (ex)

Answer 23

Mass, volume, energy, etc.

Question 24

Physical Changes (definition)

Answer 24

Changes in matter that do not change the composition of a substance.

Question 25

Physical Changes (ex)

Answer 25

Changes of state, temperature, volume, etc.

Question 26

Chemical Changes (definition)

Answer 26

Chemical changes result in new substances

Question 27

Chemical Changes (ex)

Answer 27

Combustion, oxidation, decomposition, etc.

Question 28

Temperature

Answer 28

Average kinetic energy of the particles within a sample