CHAPTER 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an example of a composition?

A

Water (hydrogen and oxygen)

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2
Q

Give an example of a homogenous mixture

A

Coffee and sugar

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3
Q

Describe a heterogenous mixture

A

Fatty acids mixed with water; milk

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4
Q

What is an example of a crystalline solid

A

Salt

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5
Q

Give an example of an amorphous solid

A

Paper

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6
Q

Describe an element

A

A single type of atom

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7
Q

Describe a compound

A

A combination of different elements

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8
Q

What are the building blocks of elements?

A

Molecules (H20)

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9
Q

Describe a macroscopic description

A

Something you can see

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10
Q

Describe a microscopic description

A

atoms, molecules

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11
Q

What are the 5 base units (SI)?

A

Meter, kilogram, second, kelvin, mole

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12
Q

What are the 9 prefixes for the powers of ten?

A

Femto-, pico-, nano-, micro-, milli-, centi-, deci-, kilo-, mega-

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13
Q

Define mass

A

Quantity of matter in an object

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14
Q

Define weight

A

Force if gravity on an object

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15
Q

Define velocity

A

Change in acceleration

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16
Q

Define acceleration

A

Change in velocity

17
Q

Give an example of an extensive property (dependent on mass)

A

Mass, volume

18
Q

Give an example of an intensive property (independent of mass)

A

Temperature, pressure

19
Q

Are leading zeroes significant?

A

No

20
Q

Are trailing zeroes important?

A

Yes

21
Q

True or false: The first number (coefficient) is a scientific notation number MUST be > 1 and < 10

A

True

22
Q

What is the rule in adding/subtracting numerical calculations in regards to sig figs?

A

The answer must have the same number of sig figs as the smallest number being added/subtracted

23
Q

What is the rule for multiplying/dividing sig figs?

A

The answer must have the same number of sig figs as the smallest number being multiplied/divided

24
Q

What is the rule for common log (base of 10) sig figs?

A

The coefficient and decimal point numbers before the base of ten reflect how many number to put AFTER the decimal point of the answer. Ex: 5.43= 10.735

25
Q

What is the rule for natural log (ln) sig figs?

A

The TOTAL number of the digits (numbers before and after the decimal point) MUST be equal to the numbers proceeding the decimal point of the FINAL answer. Ex: 3.952 = 8.2820

26
Q

Define a Quantitive Measurement

A

A description of an object using numbers

27
Q

Define a qualities measurement

A

Describes an object by using color or size