Chapter 1 Flashcards
1
Q
the structure of an organism
A
anatomy
2
Q
the function of a living organism and its components
A
physiology
3
Q
applies anatomy to diagnosing and treating
A
applied anatomy
4
Q
relates body parts to functional systems
A
descriptive anatomy
5
Q
studies changes in body parts due to disease
A
pathological anatomy
6
Q
studies the body parts without a microscope; studies the structure of organs and tissues that are visible to the naked eye
A
gross anatomy
7
Q
studies the smallest structures of the body; tissue, cells, and molecules with a microscope
A
microscopic anatomy
8
Q
studies growth and development to birth
A
developmental anatomy
9
Q
studies joints and bones
A
arthrology
10
Q
studies blood vessels and lymphatic system
A
angiology
11
Q
studies the nervous system
A
neurology
12
Q
studies muscle structure and functions
A
myology
13
Q
describe what a person looks like in anatomical position
A
body in standing position, facing forwards with arms by your side and palms facing forwards
14
Q
bones that form the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage (head and trunk)
A
axial skeleton
15
Q
bones that form the upper and lower limbs
A
appendicular skeleton
16
Q
made of thorax(chest) and abdomen(belly)
A
body trunk/torso
17
Q
divides the body into front and back halves
A
frontal plane
18
Q
the imaginary midline around which the body pivots
A
axis
19
Q
divides the body into right and left halves
A
sagittal plane
20
Q
divides the body into upper and lower halves
A
transverse plane
21
Q
surface of body
A
superficial surface
22
Q
front of body
A
anterior or ventral
23
Q
back of body
A
posterior or dorsal
24
Q
away from the center
A
peripheral
25
direction away from the surface; towards the inside
deep surface
26
body horizontal with face up
supine
27
body horizontal with face down
prone
28
point closest to the trunk
proximal
29
point farthest from the trunk
distal
30
four types of tissue in the human body:
epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue
31
found between muscle and bone
tendon
32
joint bone to bone
ligament
33
cranial structure between the temporal and parietal bones, bilaterally
squamous suture
34
three kinds of muscle tissue:
skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle
35
have one axon. Cell body not connected to anything
unipolar neurons
36
have one axon and one dendrite extending from the cell body toward opposite poles
bipolar neurons
37
have multiple dendrites and one single axon
multipolar neurons
38
covers the organs, sheet like membrane that may be dense or nearly transparent, thin or thick
fascia
39
fibrous tissue that connects bones or cartilage to another bone
ligaments
40
attaches muscle to bone or cartilage
tendons
41
the union of bones or cartilage
joints
42
connect bone to bone to form a joint
ligaments
43
a tough, flexible band of fibrous connective tissue connects muscles to bones
tendon
44
made of cells
tissue
45
single or group of anatomy structures
organs
46
grouping of multiple anatomy structures
body system
47
what forms organs
tissue
48
what do organs form?
organs form systems
49
systems are groups of organ that perform a specific function
body systems
50
how many body systems are there?
12
51
organs can be part of more that one system. True/False
true
52
reproductive system is in charge of:
ovaries and testes
53
urinary system is in charge of:
kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
54
respiratory system is in charge of:
oral, nasal, and pharyngeal cavities, trachea, and bronchial passageway, and lungs
55
digestive system is in charge of:
oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, liver, intestines, and glands
56
endocrine system is in charge of:
glands that produce hormones to regulate metabolism, growth, and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood
57
nervous system is in charge of:
nerve tissue and central and peripheral nervous system structures
58
cranial cavity includes the:
brain, vertebral canal, and spinal cord
59
thoracic cavity include the:
lungs and related structures
60
pericardial cavity includes the:
heart
61
abdominal cavity includes the:
digestive organs
62
study related to cell
cytology
63
what type of tissue covers the body surfaces and lines body cavities?
epithelial tissue
64
which type of tissue acts as a barrier against hostile agents?
epithelial tissue
65
Which type of tissue prevents dehydration and fluid loss?
epithelial tissue
66
What tissue has the function of binding?
Connective tissue
67
connective tissue can be solid, liquid or
gel-like
68
hard, complex structures composes of connective tissue that protects organs and give shape to the body
bone
69
soft, simple structure composed of connective tissue that offers flexibility to the joints and protect from external and internal shock
cartilage
70
connect bone to bone to form a joint
ligaments
71
A tough, flexible band of fibrous connective tissue connects muscles to bones
tendon
72
away from the midline
lateral
73
towards the midline
medial
74
which system provides the energy source for speech
respiratory system
75
study of the structure and function of the bones
osteology
76
microscopic study of cells and tissue
histology
77
tissue that provides the surface coverings of the body and linings of the cavities and passageways
epithelial
78
type of tissue that links structures together
connective
79
______ is contractile in nature
muscle
80
the muscles that are also called skeletal
striated
81
the tissue type that provides the cushion between vertebra of the spinal column
fibrocartilage
82
cartilage that makes up the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passageways
hyaline
83
relatively non elastic and binned structures together
ligament
84
a sheet like tendon flat
aponeurosis
85
tissue composed predominantly of intercellular material known as the matrix
connective
86
tissue that is areolar tissue that is highly impregnated with fat cells
adipose
87
particular important combination of connective tissues, because it has unique properties of strength and elasticity
cartilage
88
contains collagenous fibers; provides a relatively smooth surface for gliding
fibrocartilage
89
acts as a shock absorber and provides a relatively smooth surface for gliding
fibrocartilage
90
cartilage that contains elastic fibers rather than collagen and is found in the pinna, nose, and epiglittis
yellow elastic cartilage
91
the hardest of the connective tissue
bone
92
point of attachment of a muscle that has the least movement
origin
93
point of attachment of a muscle that is relatively mobile
insertion
94
tissue type that is found between muscles and forms a thin, membranous sheet between organs
areolar connective tissue
95
tissue type includes secreting tissue
epithelial
96
tissue type that is highly impregnated with fat cells
adipose
97
tissue type that is strong dense tissue of which ligaments fascia and cartilage are made
fibrous connective tissue
98
highly mobile joints
diarthrodial
99
joints with limited mobility
amphiarthrodial
100
joints known as a hinge joint
ginglymus
101
joints also known as saddle joint
sellar
102
joints that are elliptical in shape
ellipsoid
103
gliding joint in which the mating surfaces of the bones are more or less flat
plane synovial
104
joint that is reciprocal in nature, such that one member of the joint is convex and the other member is concave
spheroid
105
strong and dense connective tissue, provides means for binding structures of the body
white fibrous tissue
106
_________ arise form the epithelial tissue and are specialized structures that line cavities and sometimes secrete mucus
mucous membranes
107
________is loose and thin
areolar connective tissue
108
_________ has both tensile and compressive strength and is elastic
cartilage
109
_________ is a fluid connective tissue
blood
110
_______ a highly dense connective tissue
bone
