chapter 3&4

Question 1

____ muscle is primary muscle responsible for changing the vocal fundamental frequency

Answer 1

cricothyroid

Question 2

space between the vocal folds

Answer 2

glottis

Question 3

when the vocal folds once again make contact during a cycle of phonation

Answer 3

airflow creases

Question 4

to initiate phonation, one must ___

Answer 4

adduct the vocal folds

Question 5

in the closed phase of phonation ___

Answer 5

subglottal pressure is greater than supraglottic pressure

Question 6

in the open phase of phonation ____

Answer 6

subglottal pressure is greater than supraglottic pressure

Question 7

the act of bringing the vocal folds together is called

Answer 7

adduction

Question 8

the inferior-most cartilage of the larynx is

Answer 8

cricoid

Question 9

the superior-most cartilage of the larynx

Answer 9

epiglottis

Question 10

which of the following is a leaf-like cartilage

Answer 10

epiglottis

Question 11

which of the following greatly increases turbulence in the airways?

Answer 11

constriction & adducted vocal folds (A&B)

Question 12

which of the following is the cavity between the true and false vocal folds

Answer 12

laryngeal ventricle

Question 13

the larynx is___

Answer 13

1. comprised of three unpaired and three paired cartilages
2. a musculo-cartilagenous structure
3. superior to the trachea

Question 14

the cartilage that articulates with the thyroid cartilage is the___

Answer 14

cricoid

Question 15

the bone that articulates with the thyroid cartilage is the___

Answer 15

Hyoid

Question 16

the cartilage that articulates with the superior aspect of the arytenoid cartilage is the____

Answer 16

corniculate

Question 17

the cavity of the larynx immediately superior to the ventricular folds is the ____

Answer 17

vestibule

Question 18

bringing the vocal folds into position to initiate phonation is termed ___

Answer 18

attack

Question 19

brining the vocal folds together at the same time airflow reaches them is termed___

Answer 19

simultaneous attack

Question 20

which of the following causes the vocal folds to return to their resting position after having been blown open during a cycle of phonation?

Answer 20

negative pressure between the vocal folds & elasticity of the vocal folds (A&C)

Question 21

the prominence superior to the laryngeal ventricles is/are the ___

Answer 21

false vocal folds

Question 22

the process of impounding air for the purpose of extortion

Answer 22

is a function of abdominal fixation and requires adduction of the vocal folds (B&C)

Question 23

in ____ attack, the vocal folds adducted proper to the initiation of expiratory execution

Answer 23

glottal

Question 24

___ refers to the pitch of phonation that is most appropriate for an individual

Answer 24

optimal pitch

Question 25

which of the following is the largest laryngeal cartilage?

Answer 25

thyroid

Question 26

bringing the vocal folds together at the same time airflows reaches them is termed

Answer 26

simultaneous attack

Question 27

anatomy structure that is located at the most superior section of the larynx

Answer 27

epiglottis

Question 28

what are the three paired cartilages

Answer 28

 the arytenoid, corniculate and cuneiform

Question 29

where are the three paired cartilages situated?

Answer 29

they are situated bilaterally in the larynx

Question 30

The false vocal folds located

Answer 30

at the inferior edge of the vestibule just above the true vocal folds

Question 31

The upper folds are called the

Answer 31

vestibular folds or false vocal folds

Question 32

which vocal folds play no part in vocalization. true or false vocal folds

Answer 32

false vocal folds

Question 33

biological functions of the larynx

Answer 33

1. Prevent air escaping from Lungs 2. Prevent foreign body enter from larynx to lung 3. Forcefully expel any foreign substances

Question 34

non-biological function of the larynx

Answer 34

1. Speech sound production 2. During normal vowel production, vibration is 120/second for Men & 220/second for female

Question 35

Pitch vs. Frequency refers to

Answer 35

speed of vibration

Question 36

Loudness vs. Intensity refers to

Answer 36

amount of air underneath Glottis

Question 37

BEFORE PHONATION the vocal cords must:

Answer 37

BE ADDUCTION to build up pressure

Question 38

what are the vocal folds?

Answer 38

part of the larynx that produces sounds

Question 39

Movement of Vocal folds create

Answer 39

frequency and intensity change within speech sound

Question 40

Muscles of the Vocal folds can be :

Answer 40

1.Lengthening/shortening 2. Tense/lax 3. Abduct (Open) or adduct(close)

Question 41

Three phases of Vocal folds vibration

Answer 41

Opening phase: 50% of the cycle Closing phase: 37% of the cycle Closed phase: 13% of the cycle

Question 42

space between the folds

Answer 42

glottis

Question 43

vocal cord is made of 3 muscle:

Answer 43

1. vocal ligament (edge) 2. vocalis (middle) 3. thyroarytenoid (lateral)

Question 44

Trans-glottal pressure is

Answer 44

pressure difference between subglottal and supraglottic area

Question 45

In the closed phase of phonation and the open of phonation:

Answer 45

subglottal pressure is grater than supraglottic pressure.

Question 46

As pressure below glottal decrease, vocal folds start to ___

Answer 46

close again to initial a new cycle

Question 47

Once the vocal folds close, ____

Answer 47

pressure build up to blow vocal folds open

Question 48

Vocal Attack:

Answer 48

Adduction of vocal fold in airstream

Question 49

Sustained phonation:

Answer 49

Continue phonation as the results of tonic contraction of vocal fold adduction

Question 50

Termination:

Answer 50

vocal folds are going into the abduction stage

Question 51

Three Basic Types Of Laryngeal Adductions During Phonation

Answer 51

vocal attack, sustained phonation, termination

Question 52

breathy vocal attack

Answer 52

Air flows before Adduction

Question 53

Simultaneous attack

Answer 53

Air flows the same time as Adduction

Question 54

Glottal vocal attack

Answer 54

Air flows after adduction

Question 55

closing Vocal fold action

Answer 55

Attack