Chapter 2&3

Question 1

The structures included in the upper airway

Answer 1

Nose, pharynx, larynx

Question 2

The structures involved in the lower airway

Answer 2

trachea, bronchi, lungs

Question 3

Exchange of gas between an organism and its environment

Answer 3

respiration

Question 4

Bringing oxygen to the body’s cells by breathing in

Answer 4

Inspiration

Question 5

Eliminating carbon dioxide from the body’s cells by breathing out

Answer 5

Expiration

Question 6

the three structures of respiration

Answer 6

1.bony thorax
2.visceral thorax
3.muscles of respiration

Question 7

what structures are involved in the bony thorax

Answer 7

1.vertebrae and column
2.rib cage
3.pectoral girdle
4.sternum
5.pelvic girdle

Question 8

the vertebral column is composed of ______ segments of the bone

Answer 8

33

Question 9

What are the five divisions of the vertebral column?

Answer 9

7 cervical vertebrae
12 thoracic vertebrae
5 lumber vertebrae
5 sacral vertebrae compose sacrum
4 fused vertebrae compose coccyx

Question 10

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 10

7

Question 11

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Answer 11

12

Question 12

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

Answer 12

5

Question 13

How many sacral vertebrae are there?

Answer 13

5

Question 14

How many coccyx vertebrae are there?

Answer 14

1

Question 15

The bony projection off the right and left vertebrae. It provides attachment for muscle/ligament

Answer 15

transverse processes

Question 16

How many pairs of peripheral nerves are there?

Answer 16

31 pairs

Question 17

How many pairs of floating ribs do we have?

Answer 17

2

Question 18

How many pairs of false ribs do we have?

Answer 18

3

Question 19

How many pairs of true ribs do we have?

Answer 19

7

Question 20

What serves as the focal point of the front of the rib cage?

Answer 20

sternum

Question 21

what serves as the focal point of the back of the rib cage?

Answer 21

thoracic vertebral

Question 22

The framework that united the right and the left of body. Consists of the scapula and clavicle

Answer 22

Pectoral gridle

Question 23

Known as a neck muscle

Answer 23

Scalenus

Question 24

connects the sternum to the shoulder

Answer 24

calvicle

Question 25

connection between the clavicle and humerus

Answer 25

scapula

Question 26

upper arms

Answer 26

humerus

Question 27

scalenus muscles include:

Answer 27

scalenus anterior Medius scalene posterior scalene

Question 28

The scalenus include three pairs of muscles in the _____ area of the neck

Answer 28

lateral

Question 29

emerges from the spinal column via intervertebral foramen

Answer 29

spinal nerve

Question 30

pelvic gridle includes the

Answer 30

the sacrum, the coccyx, the ischium, the ilium, and the pubis.

Question 31

soft organs of the internal thorax

Answer 31

Visceral thorax

Question 32

composed of vascular, elastic tissue

Answer 32

lungs

Question 33

the right lungs consists of ____ lobes

Answer 33

three lobes superior, middle, and inferior

Question 34

the left lung consists of _____ lobes

Answer 34

two lobes superior & inferior Need room for the heart!

Question 35

the order from trachea to alveoli

Answer 35

bronchus secondary bronchus bronchi bronchioles alveoli

Question 36

order from the trachea to the bronchial tree

Answer 36

trachea bronchus bronchial tree alveoli

Question 37

tiny air sacs at the end of bronchioles with lungs which allow for rapid exchange of gas

Answer 37

alveolus

Question 38

the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out

Answer 38

alveolus

Question 39

gas exchange

Answer 39

alveoli

Question 40

positive, air out

Answer 40

pressure increase

Question 41

negative, air in

Answer 41

pressure decrease

Question 42

space, inverse relationship to pressure

Answer 42

volume

Question 43

during inhalation the diaphragm ______ or moves____

Answer 43

contracts; down

Question 44

during exhalation the diaphragm ______ or moves____

Answer 44

relaxes; up

Question 45

the muscles of inspiration ______ the ribs and sternum

Answer 45

elevate

Question 46

the muscles of expiration ______ the ribs and sternum

Answer 46

depress

Question 47

internal intercostal origin

Answer 47

superior margin of rib1-11

Question 48

internal intercostal insert

Answer 48

up and in the inferior surface of the rib above

Question 49

internal intercostal function

Answer 49

depress rib 1-11

Question 50

accessory muscles of inspiration

Answer 50

neck muscles sternocleidomastoid muscle &scalenes muscle of the neck

Question 51

muscles from rib 8 or 9 to scapula

Answer 51

serratus

Question 52

muscles on each side of the neck to raise the first and second ribs in respiration and assist in bending the neck to one side

Answer 52

scalenus

Question 53

volume of air remaining in body after a passive exhalation

Answer 53

functional residal

Question 54

combination of inspiratory reseve voulume, expiratory reseve, and tidal volume

Answer 54

vital

Question 55

voulme reamining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation

Answer 55

residual

Question 56

volume of air we breathe during respiratoy cycle

Answer 56

tidal

Question 57

voulme that can be inhaled after a tidal inspiration

Answer 57

inspiratory

Question 58

VOLUME THAT CAN BE EXHALED after a tidal expiration

Answer 58

expiratory

Question 59

contraction of the diaghpam increase the ____ dimesnison of the thorax

Answer 59

verical

Question 60

lateral aspect of the thoarx is made up of the

Answer 60

rib cage

Question 61

expiratory muscle is used for quiet respiration

Answer 61

false