Chapter 1

Question 1

What 4 big global changes have happened in the last 20-30 years

Answer 1

Increase in Political freedom
Famines (Ethiopia Sudan)
Civil war (Rwanda, Bosnia)
Natural disasters (tsunami, earth q)

Question 2

What is global health

Answer 2

Study of the health of populations in a global context. Studies both the diseases and their causes

Question 3

Despite improvements in health over the last few decades, what is still very prevalent around the world?

Answer 3

Malnutrition, poverty, and health inequalities are still prevalent

Question 4

GH consists of _____ organizations with the overall aim to improve health of populations in _____

Answer 4

Consists of private, governmental, and international organizations,

Improve health of ppl in developing countries

Question 5

GH uses _____ research and action, focusing on _____

Answer 5

Collaborative trans-national research,
Focusing on the people

Question 6

No initiative will be successful without being _____

Answer 6

conscientious about the target population

Important to listen to local ppl during planning and implementation

Question 7

Initiatives can include ____

Answer 7

Economic interventions
Medical initiatives
Human rights initiatives

Question 8

What does global health strive for

Answer 8

Health equity and freedom for people

Question 9

What did economist Amartya argue

Answer 9

Development as Freedom

Question 10

What are 5 types of freedom from Amartya Sen

Answer 10

Political freedoms
economic facilities
Social opportunities
Transparency guarantees
Protective security

(PESTS)

Question 11

8 MGD goals

Answer 11

Eradicate hunger and poverty
Universal primary education
Gender equality
Child mortality
Maternal health
HIV/aids, malaria, diseases
Environmental sustainability
Global partnership for development

Question 12

3 negative critiques about MGDs

Answer 12

Statistics were reported as averages on multiple countries
No adequate involvement of developing countries, not adapted to national needs
Left our issues such as conflict situations, disasters, non-communicable diseases, mental health disorders, large inequalities

Question 13

Positive difference of MGDs

Answer 13

Increase access to safe drinking water, sanitation, education
Targets for tackling malaria and TB were met
Significant poverty reduction
Substantial progress was made in reducing child under-nutrition, child mortality, and maternal mortality

Question 14

In 1990 50% of pop in developing world lived in less than $___ a day, that dropped to ___% in 2015

Answer 14

$1.25 USD
Dropped to14% in 2015

Question 15

Transition from MDG to SDG was premised on building a sustainable world where ___ ___ & ___ were equally valued.

Answer 15

Environmental sustainability
Social inclusion
Economic development

Question 16

SDGs included issues that MDGs left out, such as:

Answer 16

Disasters, conflict situations, mental health disorders, large inequalities, non-communicable diseases (obesity, smoking illness, substance abuse)

Question 17

Majority of ppl living in extreme poverty are from ____

Answer 17

South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. 80% of the extreme poor

Question 18

What 2 things often follows poverty?

Answer 18

Inequity and injustice

Question 19

GH avg show decline in malnutrition but there was a slow process reaching MGD for malnutrition bc of _____

Answer 19

Increased food prices and global recession.
Especially in Asia and Africa

Question 20

Famines and starvation has been replaced with

Answer 20

Chronic Malnutrition

Question 21

Malnutrition can refer to ____ & ____

Answer 21

Under nutrition or
Over consumption

Question 22

Leading causes of childhood death

Answer 22

Preterm birth complications
Pneumonia
Birth asphyxia & trauma
Diarrhea

Question 23

Child mortality rates have been reduced by ____ in many countries.
Still, _____ deaths happen per year.

Answer 23

Reduced by half
5 million deaths

Most of the deaths could have been treatable, preventable, and avoidable if they lived in developing countries

Question 24

____ children die from measles each year. 99% vax efficacy costing $__ a child

Answer 24

90k children die
Vax costs $1USD per child

Question 25

Developing regions account for ____ of global maternal deaths. SS Africa accounts for ____

Answer 25

Devo countries *99%* SS Africa, *66%* of the 99

Question 26

Majority of maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoidable with …

Answer 26

improved standards of care

Question 27

25% of total pregnancy related deaths were due to

Answer 27

Bleeding to death

Question 28

370 million indigenous ppl in the world, forming ___ separate groups and expanding over ___ countries

Answer 28

5,000 separate groups Over 90 countries

Question 29

Indigenous ppl share a history of ___ resulting in ____

Answer 29

History of **conquest and discrimination** resulting in **poor treatment and reduced access to health care**

Question 30

___ wars have replaced ___ wars

Answer 30

Internal wars replaced external war between counties

Question 31

What has internal wars resulted in, giving rise to _____ term

Answer 31

High levels of **violence** against civilian populations Progressive economic **social collapse** **Displacement** Giving rise to **humanitarian disaster**

Question 32

Two of the most deadliest, and most costly disasters in history

Answer 32

Asian tsunami & Haitian earth quake Hurricane Katrina and Kobe earthquake

Question 33

As the global population increases, the movement of _____ has attributed to the steady increase in _____

Answer 33

Movement of **people towards living in vulnerable areas** Steady increase in **death rates from disasters** each decade

Question 34

Some other topics to think about in relation to natural disasters

Answer 34

Climate change Mitigation efforts (planning and preparedness) Global migration (forced and unforced)

Question 35

Abuses of basic human rights are not confined solely to ____ Issues include:

Answer 35

The developing world Issues: discrimination and oppression based on gender, or violence against particular ethnic/religions/racial groups

Question 36

Beneficial changes in the rights of individuals are a growing feature of ..

Answer 36

Large scale aid projects

Question 37

Areas of trust that are relevant to GH initiatives

Answer 37

Partnership trust Government trust Technology trust Community trust

Question 38

SDGs are bound to shape the foreign aid industry with more focus on

Answer 38

Metrics, impact, and equity

Question 39

How many millions of ppl live in extreme poverty ?

Answer 39

836 million 80% of extremely poor ppl live in SS Africa and South Asia

Question 40

How many ppl suffering from Malnutrition

Answer 40

795 million people suffering from malnutrition

Question 41

What has slowed the progress for reaching MDG for malnutrition?

Answer 41

**Increased food prices** and **global recession** have combined to slow progress in reaching the MDGs for malnutrition

Question 42

Death from starvation has largely been replaced by the debilitating effects of ____ , which sap the energy and the potential of huge numbers of the world's population

Answer 42

chronic malnutrition

Question 43

Through its effects on a child's immune response , malnutrition greatly increases ____ from diseases such as ___ & ____

Answer 43

**mortality** gastroenteritis and measles .

Question 44

Since 1990 , annual deaths of children under five have fallen from ___ to ____

Answer 44

12.4 million to 5.9 million