Chapter 1

Question 1

Relying on common sense, as a means of knowing about the world

Answer 1

Intuition

Question 2

Using logical reasoning, and current knowledge, as a means of knowing about the world

Answer 2

Deduction

Question 3

Relying on a knowledgeable person or group, as a means of knowing about the world

Answer 3

Authority

Question 4

Relying on what one observes as a means of knowing about the world

Answer 4

Observation

Question 5

The accuracy of the results of a study

Answer 5

Validity

Question 6

A group of individuals to learn about

Answer 6

Population

Question 7

A group of individuals chosen from the population 

Answer 7

Sample

Question 8

Different between population mean and sample means

Answer 8

Sampling error

Question 9

How a behavior is defined in a research study to allow for its measurement

Answer 9

Operational definition

Question 10

Help, researcher, summarize, or describe data

Answer 10

Descriptive statistics

Question 11

A variable that is measured or observed from an individual

Answer 11

Dependent or response variable

Question 12

A scale of data measurement that involves non-ordered categorical responses

Answer 12

Nominal scale

Question 13

A scale of data measurement that involves ordered categorical responses

Answer 13

Ordinal scale

Question 14

A scale of data measurement that involves numerical responses that are equally spaced, but the scores are not ratios of each other

Answer 14

Interval scale

Question 15

A scale of data measurement that involves numerical responses in which scores are ratios in each other

Answer 15

Ratio scale

Question 16

Surveys indirect measure behavior of interest, self report, nature of survey data can influence the validity of the data, social, desirability bias can reduce the validity of behavior measures, researchers can construct validity and reliability of survey and questionnaire.

Answer 16

Survey data

Question 17

Biased created in surveys responses from respondent desire to be viewed more favorable by others, typically resulting in overeat, reporting, or positive behavior, and under reporting or negative behavior

Answer 17

Social desirability bias

Question 18

The degree to which survey is an accurate measure of interest

Answer 18

Construct validity

Question 19

The degree to which the results of the study can be replicated under similar conditions

Answer 19

Reliability

Question 20

More direct observation of behavior than self reported collected on surveys

Answer 20

Systematic and controlled measured

Question 21

Different characteristics of different distributions, depending on the variability of the score

Answer 21

Frequency distribution

Question 22

A set of scores, distributions are obtained from data that ranges over the entire scale

Answer 22

Distributions

Question 23

A graph or table of a distribution showing the frequency of the each core in the distribution, frequency, distribution graph scores are on X axis and its frequency is on the white axis

Answer 23

Frequency distribution

Question 24

Inferential statistics system, symmetrical distributions, and skewed distributions are all

Answer 24

Shapes of distributions

Question 25

Set of the statistical procedure is used by researchers to test hypothesis about population

Answer 25

Inferential is statistics

Question 26

Distribution of scores were its shape, shows a mirror image on either side of the middle score

Answer 26

Symmetrical distribution

Question 27

Distribution of scores word, shape, shows clustering of scores as low or high end of the scale

Answer 27

Skewed distribution

Question 28

Tail of infrequent scores at high end of scale

Answer 28

Positive skew

Question 29

Tail of distributions is on low end of the scale

Answer 29

Negative skew

Question 30

Program used by researchers for descriptive and inferential statistics in psychology

Answer 30

SPSS

Question 31

The difference between the highest and the lowest score in the distribution

Answer 31

Range

Question 32

The scientific method relies on which way of knowing information about the world

Answer 32

Observation

Question 33

If I can concerned about where the survey I am using in my study actually measures of behavior. I am interested in I am considering ______ of my study

Answer 33

Validity

Question 34

Providing responses on a survey to make yourself look better is called

Answer 34

Social desirability bias

Question 35

In a research study on navigation, participants were asked to judge the distance of a landmark in the environment from their current location. This dependent variable was measured on a __________ measurement scale.

Answer 35

Ratio

Question 36

In a research study, you are asked to indicate your college major on a survey this dependent variable was measured on______ measurement, scale

Answer 36

Nominal

Question 37

You are conducting a study that uses IQ tests. On this test, the participants score can average of 100. All other scores are evenly distributed above and below this average what type of distribution is it?

Answer 37

Symmetrical distribution

Question 38

_____ scales typically involve numerical scores, whereas_____ scales do not

Answer 38

Ratio Nominal 

Question 39

Survey data are always accurate

Answer 39

False

Question 40

A frequency distribution graph can show you the shape of a distribution

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Systematic and controlled measures are more direct observation of behavior than the self reported collected on surveys

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Of the following choices, which are good operational, definitions of anxiety

Answer 42

Scores on in anxiety scale