Chapter 5

Question 1

External validity, internal validity

Answer 1

Validity

Question 2

The degree to which the result of a study applies to individuals and realistic behaviors outside the study

Answer 2

External validity

Question 3

The degree to which a study provide casual information about behavior

Answer 3

Internal validity

Question 4

A data collection technique involving non-invasive observations of individuals in their natural environment

Answer 4

Naturalistic observation

Question 5

A measure of the degree to which different observers rate behavior in similar ways

Answer 5

Interobserver, or interrater reliability

Question 6

A research study that uses the survey observational technique to measure behavior

Answer 6

Survey research

Question 7

Participants responses to survey questions according to the response option provided by the researcher

Answer 7

Closed ended respond, scale

Question 8

Participants response to survey questions in any manner they feel appropriate for the question

Answer 8

Open ended response scale

Question 9

Non-numerical participant responses

Answer 9

Qualitative

Question 10

Numerical data

Answer 10

Qualitative

Question 11

A data collection technique that involves direct questioning of individuals about their behavior and attitude

Answer 11

Interviews

Question 12

Data collection technique where control is exerted over the condition under which the behavior is observed

Answer 12

Systematic observation

Question 13

Data collection technique that involves analysis of pre-existing data

Answer 13

Archival data

Question 14

And archival data collection technique that involves analysis of the content of an individual spoken or written report

Answer 14

Content analysis

Question 15

A research design that involves intensive study of particular individuals and their behavior

Answer 15

Case study

Question 16

And experiment conducted with one or a few participants to better understand the behavior of those individuals

Answer 16

Small n design

Question 17

A type of research design that examines the relationship between multiple dependent variables without manipulating any of the variables

Answer 17

Correlational studies

Question 18

The dependent variable in a correlational study that is used to predict the score on another variable

Answer 18

Predictor variable

Question 19

The dependent variable in a correlational study that is been predicted by the predictor variable

Answer 19

Outcome variable

Question 20

Relationship between variables, characterized by an increase in one variable, that it occurs with an increase in the other variable

Answer 20

Positive relationship

Question 21

Relationship between variables, characterized by an increase in one variable that occurs with a decrease in the other variable

Answer 21

Negative relationship

Question 22

A graph showing the relationship between two dependent variables from a group of individuals

Answer 22

Scatter plot

Question 23

The presence of extraneous factors in a study that affects the dependent variable, and can decrease the internal validity of the study

Answer 23

Third variable problem

Question 24

A type of research design that involves manipulation of independent variable, allowing control of extraneous is variables that could affect the results

Answer 24

Experiment

Question 25

A variable in an experiment that is manipulated by the research that such that the levels of the variables change across or within subjects in the

Answer 25

Independent variable

Question 26

Different situation or conditions, that participants experience in an experiment because of the manipulation of the independent variable

Answer 26

Levels of the independent variable

Question 27

The group of participants in an experiment that experiences, the treatment level of the independent variable

Answer 27

Experimental group

Question 28

The group of participants in an experiment that do not experienced the treatment level or the independent variable

Answer 28

Control group

Question 29

An extraneous factor presented in a study that may affect the

Answer 29

Confounding variable

Question 30

Hey sugar pill given to the controlled group in a drug study to allow all groups to believe that they are receiving a treatment

Answer 30

Placebo

Question 31

A type of research design were comparison is made as in an experiment, but not random assignment of participants to group a occurs

Answer 31

Quasi experiment

Question 32

Participants are randomly assigned to levels of independent variables in an experiment to control for individual differences an extraneous variable

Answer 32

Random assignment

Question 33

Quasi-experiment where subjects are group based on a characteristic they are ready possess

Answer 33

Ex-post factor design

Question 34

A type of research design or behaviors major both before and after treatment or control is implemented

Answer 34

Pretest posttest design