chapter 1

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

describes the structures of the body

Question 2

physiology

Answer 2

functions of anatomical structures

Question 3

What are the six major organizations in organisms

Answer 3

Chemical (or molecular), cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 4

relationship between anatomy and physiology

Answer 4

a part’s anatomy determines its physiology

Question 5

Chemical level

Answer 5

smallest chemical units are atoms. group of atoms are molecules. 1st level

Question 6

cellular level

Answer 6

group of cells (atoms, molecules, organelles) working together. 2nd level

Question 7

tissue level

Answer 7

small group of similar cells working together. 3rd level

Question 8

organ level

Answer 8

2 or more different tissues working together. 4th level

Question 9

organ system level

Answer 9

group of organs working together. there are 11 organ systems. 5th level

Question 10

organism level

Answer 10

human is an organism (comprised of 11 organ systems). 6th level

Question 11

what’s in the 1st level

Answer 11

atoms, molecules, filaments

Question 12

what’s in the 2nd level

Answer 12

group of 1st levels forming a cell

Question 13

what’s in the 3rd level

Answer 13

cells forming tissue

Question 14

4th level

Answer 14

tissues forming an organ

Question 15

5th level

Answer 15

organs forming organ system

Question 16

6th level

Answer 16

organ system forming organism. 11 organ systems in the human body

Question 17

homeostasis

Answer 17

stable internal environment

Question 18

how homeostasis occurs

Answer 18

internal and/or external change responses

Question 19

homeostasis examples

Answer 19

body temp, fluid balance, solute concentration

Question 20

Autoregulation (intrinsic regulation)

Answer 20

Automatic response in certain area

Question 21

Extrinsic regulation

Answer 21

change response by external source

Question 22

sources for extrinsic regulation

Answer 22

nervous (brain) and endocrine system

Question 23

3 parts of homeostatic regulation

Answer 23

receptor, control center, effecter

Question 24

receptor

Answer 24

notices stimulus and sends info to control center

Question 25

control center

Answer 25

processes info then sends instructions

Question 26

effector

Answer 26

carries out instructions

Question 27

2 feedback mechanisms affect homeostasis

Answer 27

negative feedback and positive feedback

Question 28

negative feedback

Answer 28

effector responds to negate stimulus. most common, returns to homeostasis

Question 29

positive feedback

Answer 29

effector responds to increase stimulus. body moves away from homeostasis

Question 30

standard position for describing the body

Answer 30

anatomical position

Question 31

supine position

Answer 31

anatomical position facing up

Question 32

prone position

Answer 32

anatomical position facing down

Question 33

anatomical regions consist of

Answer 33

body regions/parts, abdominopelvic quadrants/regions

Question 34

universal terms used to describe the body

Answer 34

anatomical terminology

Question 35

anatomical directions

Answer 35

directional terms to describe and locate

Question 36

right and left always refer to

Answer 36

the patient's right and left

Question 37

plane (sectional anatomy)

Answer 37

a three-dimensional axis

Question 38

section

Answer 38

a slice parallel to plane

Question 39

what are MRI and CT scans used for

Answer 39

visualize internal organization and structure

Question 40

frontal plane

Answer 40

separates front and back

Question 41

sagittal plane

Answer 41

separates right and left

Question 42

transverse plane

Answer 42

separates top and bottom

Question 43

function of body cavities

Answer 43

protect organs and allows change (size/shape)

Question 44

two major branches of body cavities

Answer 44

dorsal body cavity and ventral body cavity

Question 45

ventral body cavity subdivides into

Answer 45

thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

Question 46

thoracic cavity holds

Answer 46

right and left pleural cavities, mediastinum, and pericardial cavity

Question 47

abdominopelvic cavity holds

Answer 47

peritoneal cavity, abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity