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biomechanics > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

biomechanics is the study of

A

forces and their effect on living systems

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2
Q

force

A

push or pull exerted by one object onto another

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3
Q

force pairs are ___ in size but act in ____ direction on each object

A

equal, opposite

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4
Q

force unit

A

N

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5
Q

magnitude

A

size of the push or pull

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6
Q

direction of force

A

line of action

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7
Q

force point of application

A

where the push or pull is applied on the object

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8
Q

a vector quantity requires describing

A

magnitude and direction

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9
Q

force is represented graphically with an arrow:
length of the arrow represents

A

magnitude

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10
Q

force is represented graphically with an arrow:
arrowhead indicates

A

direction

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11
Q

force is represented graphically with an arrow:
shaft of the arrow indicates

A

line of application

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12
Q

internal force

A

pair of forces that act within the object or system

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13
Q

human internal forces

A

muscle and bone

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14
Q

tensile force

A

pulling/tension

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15
Q

compressive force

A

squeeze, push / compression

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16
Q

external force

A

acts on an object or system through interaction with environment

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17
Q

contact force

A

objects touching each other

18
Q

non contact force

A

objects not touching each other

19
Q

gravitational force

A

weight of the object

20
Q

weight unit

A

N

21
Q

gravitational acceleration

A

9.81m/s^2 downward

22
Q

reaction forces

A

contact forces
each force acts separately on one of the objects

23
Q

normal contact force

A

perpendicular to the two objects in contact

24
Q

parallel contact force

A

parallel to contacting surfaces of two objects

25
Q

friction force

A

parallel contact force
opposes motion or sliding between the surfaces

26
Q

friction

A

opposes sliding or motion between objects in contact

27
Q

friction results from

A

interaction between surface molecules

28
Q

static friction

A

two surfaces not moving on each other

29
Q

max friction before object starts to slide

A

limiting friction

30
Q

dynamic friction

A

two surfaces moving on each other

31
Q

dynamic friction AKA

A

sliding/kinetic friction

32
Q

there is a balance to how much friction is good when we are doing ___ movements

A

dynamic

33
Q

coefficient of friction

A

mu (u)

34
Q

normal contact force letter

A

R

35
Q

net force

A

sum of all external forces acting on one object

36
Q

in force composition what must be accounted for

A

direction

37
Q

colinear force

A

one or more external forces with the same line of action

38
Q

concurrent forces

A

forces are not colinear but act through the same point

39
Q

what is used to calculate concurrent force

A

pythagorean theorem/trigonometry

40
Q

static equilibrium

A

body is not accelerating, forces are in equilibrium

biomechanics (14 decks)

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