Chapter 1

Question 1

What is the definition of anatomy?

Answer 1

THe study of the structure of body parts and their relationship with one another

Question 2

What is the definition of physiology?

Answer 2

The study of how the body performs

Question 3

What is the definition of Pathophysiology?

Answer 3

The study of disorder of functioning

Question 4

Explain red blood cells in anatomy, physiological, and pathophysiological terms

Answer 4

You got this don’t even need an answer. BUT MAKE SURE TO DO IT

Question 5

What is the definition of interstitial fluid?

Answer 5

It is a liquid that surrounds cells, and is in the spaces between cells.

Question 6

What is the definition of Intracellular fluid

Answer 6

It is liquid that is found inside of cells.

Question 7

What is the definition of Equilibrium

Answer 7

Different components of the body that are equal

Question 8

What is the definition of Dynamic steady state

Answer 8

Where the system stays in a stable state but constantly undergoes change.

Question 9

What is the definition of Cellular differentiation

Answer 9

Where a cell changes to become another type of cell.

Question 10

What is the definition of Totipotent stem cells

Answer 10

It is a type of stem cell that can turn into any supportive or adult cells.

Question 11

What is the definition of Pluripotent stem cells

Answer 11

A type of stem cell that is able to change into any different cells in adult bodies only

Question 12

What is the definition of multipotent stem cells

Answer 12

A type of adult stem cell that changes into different specific cell lineages

Question 13

What is the definition of intrinsic regulation

Answer 13

It is a basic automatic response where it uses tissues, cells, and organs to continue staying in homeostasis

Question 14

What is the definition of extrinsic regulation

Answer 14

Maintains homeostasis by the help of the nervous/endocrine system

Question 15

What is the definition of negative feedback

Answer 15

When the body responds to something it goes against that response. So, it can get the body back to its steady state.

Question 16

What is the definition of positive feedback

Answer 16

When the body responds to something and amplifies that response instead of going against the response. It goes back to a homeostatic state when the situation is over.

Question 17

What are the levels of organization in order? (6)

Answer 17

Chemical
Cell
Tissue
Organ
System
Organism

Question 18

What is the definition of chemical in the levels of organization?

Answer 18

Atoms and molecules that make up the building blocks of life. NON LIVING

Question 19

What is the definition of Cell in the levels of organization?

Answer 19

Basic unit of structure and function of living things

Question 20

What is the definition of Tissue in the levels of organization?

Answer 20

A group of similar cells that do the same function

Question 21

What is the definition of Organ in the levels of organization?

Answer 21

A group of two or more tissues that do the same function

Question 22

What is the definition of System in the levels of organization?

Answer 22

A group of organs that work together to perform the same functions

Question 23

What is the definition of Organism in the levels of organization?

Answer 23

Systems working together in coordination

Question 24

What is the differences between epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue?

Answer 24

Epithelial- Covers and lines
Connective- supports and gives structure
Muscle- movement
Nervous- control through conduction

Question 25

What is the definition of Homeostasis?

Answer 25

Unchanging, the bodies ability to maintain stable internal conditions even though there is continuous change

Question 26

Name all 11 organ systems (MURDER IN SLC)

Answer 26

1. Muscular 2. Urinary 3. Respiratory 4. Digestive 5. Endocrine 6. Reproductive 7. Integumentary 8. Nervous 9. Skeletal 10. Lymphatic 11. Cardiovascular

Question 27

What is the difference between equilibrium and steady state?

Answer 27

Equilibrium- This is a state where things are balanced and not changing Steady state- This is when things are changing, but they’re doing so at a consistent rate, so the overall system looks stable

Question 28

What are some examples of the difference between equilibrium and steady state?

Answer 28

Equilibrium- if you have a cup of water sitting still, it's in equilibrium if the water level stays constant and there's no movement. Steady state- if you have a river flowing into a lake at the same rate that water is flowing out, the lake's water level stays the same, even though the water is constantly moving.

Question 29

What is the definition of Homeostatic regulation?

Answer 29

The adjustment of physiological systems to maintain homeostasis

Question 30

What is the definition of intrinsic regulation?

Answer 30

A simple automatic response of organs, tissues, and cells to maintain homeostasis

Question 31

What is the definition of extrinsic regulation?

Answer 31

Requires help from the nervous or endocrine system to maintain homeostasis

Question 32

What are the 5 parts of homeostatic regulation in systems?

Answer 32

1. Stimulus 2. Receptor (sends input signal) 3. Control center (sends output signal) 4. Effector 5. Response

Question 33

Describe the 5 parts of homeostatic regulation in systems (definitions)

Answer 33

1. Stimulus- change in the external environment 2. Receptor (sends input signal)- whatever is sensitive to a particular stimulus 3. Control center (sends output signal)- Receives and processes the information sent from the cell or organ that responds to the control center command 4. Effector- cell or organ that responds to the control center command 5. Response- Restoration of homeostatic set point

Question 34

What is the definition of the homeostasis set point?

Answer 34

Range of desired value affected by antagonistic effectors

Question 35

what is the set point in humans for blood pH, blood pressure, and body temperature

Answer 35

Blood pH7.35-7.45 Blood pressure: below 120/ and below 80 Body temperature: 98.8 degrees fahrenheit