Chapter 1

Question 1

What is psychology?

Answer 1

scientific method, study of mind/behavior, combination of greek words psyche/logos

Question 2

what does psyche translate to?

Answer 2

soul

Question 3

what does logos translate to?

Answer 3

study

Question 4

concept/person associated with: materialism vs immaterial substance (mind/body is separate)

Answer 4

dualism/rene Descartes

Question 5

in dualism what is immaterial

Answer 5

mind

Question 6

in dualism what is material

Answer 6

body

Question 7

concept/person associated with: everything happens because of the brain/mental phenomena due to physical brain activity

Answer 7

material/Thomas Hobbes

Question 8

concept/person associated with: what we see is EXACT camera

Answer 8

realism/John Locke

Question 9

concept/person associated with: what we see is the brain’s best interpretation/guess painting

Answer 9

idealism/Immanuel Kant

Question 10

concept/person associated with: all knowledge is required through experience

Answer 10

empiricism/John Locke

Question 11

concept/person associated with: some knowledge is innate and same is acquired

Answer 11

nativism/Immanuel Kant

Question 12

critique for dualism

Answer 12

material

Question 13

critique for realism

Answer 13

idealism

Question 14

critique for empiricism

Answer 14

nativism

Question 15

what time period was structuralism established

Answer 15

late 1800s

Question 16

what time period was functionalism established

Answer 16

late 1800s

Question 17

what time period was psychoanalytic theory established

Answer 17

early 1900s

Question 18

what time period was behaviorism established

Answer 18

early 1900s

Question 19

concept/person associated with: analyzing mind by isolating elements, introspection is subjective, analyzing consciousness

Answer 19

structuralism/Wilhelm Wundt

Question 20

what did Wilhelm Wundt create?

Answer 20

first psych lab/textbook

Question 21

concept/person associated with: analyzing the purpose of mental processes, inspired by Darwin (natural selection), consciousness has evolved for common use

Answer 21

functionalism/William James

Question 22

who is the “father of American psychology”

Answer 22

William James

Question 23

critique for structuralism

Answer 23

functionalism

Question 24

T or F: Sigmund Freud is NOT supported in modern psychology

Answer 24

True

Question 25

concept/person associated with: feelings, thoughts, and behaviors are influenced by the unconscious

Answer 25

psychoanalytic theory/Sigmund Freud

Question 26

concept/person associated with: personality is shaped by childhood experiences

Answer 26

psychodynamic perspective/ sigmund freud

Question 27

concept/person associated with: dream analysis, therapy gives insight into the unconscious

Answer 27

psychoanalysis theory/sigmund freud

Question 28

critique for psychoanalysis/Freud concepts

Answer 28

behaviorism

Question 29

concept/person associated with: restricted to observable behavior

Answer 29

behaviorism

Question 30

what concept is pavlov's dogs and the Skinner box associated with?

Answer 30

behaviorism/operant conditioning

Question 31

T or F: behaviorism critiques everything that came before it

Answer 31

True

Question 32

who studied perception/illusion

Answer 32

Max Wertheimer

Question 33

what is Gestalt psych associated with/what is Gestalt psych

Answer 33

Max Wertheimer-studied perception/illusion how the mind creates perceptual experience

Question 34

what do we perceive in gestalt psychology

Answer 34

we perceive the WHOLE not part

Question 35

who studied children's minds through mistakes

Answer 35

Jean Piaget

Question 36

what type of psych is associated with Jean Piaget studying children's minds

Answer 36

developmental psych

Question 37

what type of psych is defined as how psychological/physical phenomena change?

Answer 37

developmental psych

Question 38

who studied leadership/racial prejudice/attitude change

Answer 38

Kurt Lewin

Question 39

what type of psych is associated with Kurt Lewin's study of leadership/racial prejudice/attitude change

Answer 39

social psych

Question 40

what type of psych studies how socialization affects behavior

Answer 40

social psych

Question 41

what time period was cognitive psych established

Answer 41

late 1900s

Question 42

what time period was evolutionary psych established

Answer 42

late 1900s

Question 43

what type of psych studies human information processing

Answer 43

cognitive psych

Question 44

what type of psych studies how the mind has been shaped by natural selection

Answer 44

evolutionary psychology

Question 45

what time period was neuroscience established

Answer 45

early 2000s

Question 46

what time period was cultural psychology established

Answer 46

early 2000s

Question 47

what type of psych studies how culture reflects/shapes identity

Answer 47

cultural psych

Question 48

what type of neuroscience studies the relationship between brain/mind (mental processes)

Answer 48

cognitive neuroscience

Question 49

what type of neuroscience studies the relationship between brain/behavior

Answer 49

behavioral neuroscience

Question 50

when/who was the American psychological association (APA) established

Answer 50

1892/William James

Question 51

what percent of people receiving psych PhDs are women

Answer 51

70%

Question 52

1st female president of APA/published over 100 scientific papers

Answer 52

Mary Whiton Calkins

Question 53

1st female psych PhD/when did it happen

Answer 53

Margaret Floy Washburn/1984

Question 54

1st African American PhD/when did it happen

Answer 54

Francis Cecil Sumner/1920

Question 55

1st African American APA president/when did it happen

Answer 55

Kenneth Clark/1970

Question 56

what percent of psych PhDs are obtained by the non white population

Answer 56

30%