Chapter 1

Question 1

educational testing tells us how much a person has learned whereas psychological assessment tells us?

Answer 1

psychological assessment tells us what can be learned about a person

Question 2

what was the original intent of the Stanford-Binet test?

Answer 2

to identify intellectually disabled children who needed additional help

Question 3

what is the difference between assessment and testing?

Answer 3

assessment acknowledges that tests are only one type of tool used by professional assessors (along with other tools, such as the interview) and that the value of a test, or of any other
tool of assessment is intimately linked to the knowledge, skill, and experience of the assessor while testing is the process of measuring variables by means designed to obtain a sample of behavior.

Question 4

this term refers to the gathering and integration of psychology-related
data for the purpose of making a psychological evaluation that is accomplished through the use of
tools such as tests, interviews, case studies, behavioral observation, and specially designed apparatuses
and measurement procedures.

Answer 4

psychological assessment

Question 5

this term refers to the process of measuring psychology-related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior

Answer 5

psychological testing

Question 6

does conducting an assessment require greater skill than administering a test?

Answer 6

yeah, conducting an assessment
requires greater education, training, and skill than simply administering a test.

Question 7

what does educational assessment refer to? broadly speaking

Answer 7

educational assessment refers to, broadly speaking, the use of tests and other tools to evaluate abilities and skills relevant to success or failure in a school or pre-school context

Question 8

this term refers to the use of evaluative tools to draw conclusions about psychological aspects of a person as they existed at some point in time prior to the assessment

Answer 8

retrospective assessment

Question 9

this term refers to to the use
of tools of psychological evaluation to gather data and draw conclusions about a subject who is not in physical proximity to the person or people conducting the evaluation

Answer 9

remote assessment

Question 10

what is ecological momentary assessment?

Answer 10

ecological momentary assessment refers to the “in the moment” evaluation of specific problems and related cognitive and behavioral
variables at the exact time and place that they occur

Question 11

what should the assessor do when facing a relatively novel assessment situation?

Answer 11

the tool selection process is informed by some research in preparation for
the assessment.

Example: in the assessment of leadership, the tool selection procedure might be informed by reviewing publications dealing with behavioral studies of leadership, psychological studies of leaders, and/or cultural issues in leadership

Question 12

what happens in collaborative psychological assessment?

Answer 12

in CPA, the assessor and assessee may work as “partners” from initial contact through final feedback.

The assessment provider encourages collaboration by asking questions like, “After this assessment is finished, what would you like to know that you do not know already?”

Question 13

what happens in therapeutic psychological assessment?

Answer 13

this type of assessment aims to be helpful throughout the assessment process.

the results are not revealed at the end, but shared immediately so that both the assessor and the assessee can co-develop an interpretation of the results and decide what questions require further assessment

Question 14

what does dynamic assessment refer to?

Answer 14

dynamic assessment refers to an interactive approach that usually follows a model of

1. Evaluation
2. Intervention of some sort
3. Evaluation

Question 15

this is defined simply as a measuring device or procedure

Answer 15

a test

Question 16

this term refers to a device or procedure designed to measure variables related to psychology (such as intelligence, personality, aptitude, interests, attitudes, or values)

Answer 16

psychological test

Question 17

this term pertains to the form, plan, structure, arrangement, and layout of test items as well as to related
considerations such as time limits

Answer 17

format

Question 18

this term refers to a code or summary statement, usually but not necessarily numerical in nature, that reflects an
evaluation of performance on a test, task, interview, or some other sample of behavior

Answer 18

score

Question 19

this term refers to the process of assigning such evaluative codes or statements to performance on
tests, tasks, interviews, or other behavior samples

Answer 19

scoring

Question 20

what is a cut score?

Answer 20

a cut score (also referred to as a cutoff score or simply a cutoff) is a reference point, usually numerical, derived by judgment and used to divide a set of
data into two or more classifications

Question 21

what is psychometric soundness?

Answer 21

psychometric soundness refers to whether the tests demonstrate sufficient levels of reliability and validity for ethical use with clients.

Question 22

this is defined as the science of psychological measurement?

Answer 22

psychometrics

Question 23

this term refers to the usefulness or practical value that a test or other tool of assessment has for a particular purpose

Answer 23

utility

Question 24

what is an interview?

Answer 24

an interview is a method of gathering
information through direct communication involving reciprocal exchange.

Question 25

what is a panel interview?

Answer 25

a panel interview is an assessment with more than one interviewer participating

Question 26

this type of interviewing may be defined as a therapeutic dialogue that combines person-centered listening skills such as openness and empathy, with the use of cognition-altering techniques designed to positively affect motivation and effect therapeutic change

Answer 26

motivational interviewing

Question 27

JUST THINK: What types of interviewing skills must the host of a talk show possess to be considered an effective interviewer? Do these skills differ from those needed by a professional in the field of psychological assessment? If so, how?

Answer 27

yeah so real i think

Question 28

what is a portfolio?

Answer 28

a portfolio is a summary of files of an individual's work products on any type of medium and can serve as a tool of evaluation

Question 29

this term refers to records, transcripts, and other accounts in written, pictorial, or other form that preserve archival information, official and informal accounts, and other data and items relevant to an assessee

Answer 29

case history data

Question 30

how is case history data useful for assessment?

Answer 30

case history data can shed light on an individual’s past and current adjustment as well as on the events and circumstances that may have contributed to any changes in adjustment School psychologists rely on case history data for insight into a student’s current academic or behavioral standing

Question 31

this very familiar term refers to a report or illustrative account concerning a person or an event that was compiled on the basis of case history data

Answer 31

case study

Question 32

JUST THINK: What are the pros and cons of using case history data as a tool of assessment?

Answer 32

maybe, open ended question bruh

Question 33

this term refers to the monitoring the actions of others or oneself by visual or electronic means while recording quantitative and/or qualitative information regarding those actions is often used as a diagnostic aid in various settings such as inpatient facilities, behavioral research laboratories, and classrooms

Answer 33

behavioral observation

Question 34

what is naturalistic observation?

Answer 34

rather than observing behavior in a confined laboratory setting, researchers observe in a natural setting which is a setting where the behavior is typically expected to occur

Question 35

this term is defined as acting an improvised or partially improvised part in a simulated situation

Answer 35

role play

Question 36

what is a role-play test?

Answer 36

A role-play test is a tool of assessment wherein assessees are directed to act as if they were in a particular situation

Question 37

what is local processing?

Answer 37

local processing is done when scoring is done on-site

Question 38

what is central prcoessing?

Answer 38

central processing is done when scoring is conducted at a central location

Question 39

what is teleprocessing?

Answer 39

teleprocessing is done when test-related data may be sent to and returned from a central facility by means of internet or phone lines or mail

Question 40

what is an interpretive report?

Answer 40

an interpretive report is distinguished by its inclusion of numerical or narrative interpretive statements

Question 41

what is a consultative report?

Answer 41

this type of report, usually written in language appropriate for communication between assessment professionals, may provide expert opinion concerning analysis of the data

Question 42

what is integrative report?

Answer 42

this type of report employs previously collected data into the test report

Question 43

what is an extended scoring report?

Answer 43

this report includes statistical analyses of the testtaker’s performance

Question 44

what is CAT?

Answer 44

CAT refers to computer adaptive testing which is a reference to the computer’s ability to tailor the test to the testtaker’s ability or test-taking pattern (brainscapes noh?)

Question 45

what is CAPA

Answer 45

CAPA refers to the term computer-assisted psychological assessment In this case, the word assisted typically refers to the assistance computers provide to the test user, not the testtaker. One specific brand of CAPA, for example, is Q-Interactive. Available from Pearson Assessments, this technology allows test users to administer tests by means of two iPads connected by bluetooth (one for the test administrator and one for the testtaker). Test administrators may record testtakers’ verbal responses and may make written notes using a stylus with the iPad. Scoring is immediate.

Question 46

who are the parties involved in the assessment enterprise

Answer 46

1. the test developer 2. the test user 3. the test-taker 4. society

Question 47

this term refers to the basis of archival records, artifacts, and interviews previously conducted with the deceased assessee or people who knew the person well For example, using psychological autopsies, Townsend (2007) explored the question of whether suicide terrorists were indeed suicidal from a classical psychological perspective. She concluded that they were not

Answer 47

psychological autopsy

Question 48

what is a diagnosis?

Answer 48

a diagnosis may be defined as a description or conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and opinion

Question 49

this term refers to a tool of assessment used to help narrow down and identify areas of deficit to be targeted for intervention

Answer 49

diagnostic test

Question 50

what is an informal evaluation?

Answer 50

informal evaluation is a typically non-systematic assessment that leads to the formation of an opinion or attitude.

Question 51

what are the tools of psychological assessment?

Answer 51

1. the test 2. the interview 3. the portfolio 4. behavioral observation/naturalistic observation 5. case history data 6. role play tests 7. computers

Question 52

what is an example of assessment in a clinical setting?

Answer 52

A school psychologist clinically evaluates a child experiencing learning difficulties to determine what factors are primarily responsible for it.

Question 53

what is the hallmark of testing in a clinical setting?

Answer 53

The hallmark of testing in clinical settings is that the test or measurement technique is employed with only one individual at a time

Question 54

how is assessment used in a counseling context?

Answer 54

assessment is used for the improvement of the assessee in terms of adjustment, productivity, or some related variable

Question 55

what is dementia?

Answer 55

Dementia is a loss of cognitive functioning (which may affect memory, thinking, reasoning, psychomotor speed, attention, and related abilities, as well as personality) that occurs as the result of damage to or loss of brain cells

Question 56

this discipline focuses on understanding the role of psychological variables in the onset, course, treatment, and prevention of illness, disease, and disability (Cohen, 1994)

Answer 56

health psychology

Question 57

this term refers to the form, sheet, or booklet on which a test taker's responses are entered may also be used to refer to a description of a set of test- or assessment-related procedures, as in the sentence, “The examiner dutifully followed the complete ______ for the stress interview.”

Answer 57

protocol

Question 57

this may be defined as a working relationship between the examiner and the examinee

Answer 57

rapport

Question 57

this term refers to an evaluative or diagnostic procedure or process that varies from the usual, customary, or standardized way a measurement is derived, either by virtue of some special accommodation made to the assessee or by means of alternative methods designed to measure the same variable(s)

Answer 57

alternate assessment

Question 57

what are some reference sources for tests?

Answer 57

1. test catalogues 2. test manuals 3. reference volumes 4. journal articles 5. online database 6. other sources (library, public directories)

Question 57

what are the rights of test takers

Answer 57

1. the right to informed consent 2. the right to be informed of test findings 3. the right to privacy and confidentiality

Question 57

this term is defined as the adaptation of a test, procedure, or situation, or the substitution of one test for another, to make the assessment more suitable for an assessee with exceptional needs

Answer 57

accommodation