chapter 1

Question 1

genetics

Answer 1

experimental study of heredity/genes

Question 2

gene

Answer 2

fundamental unit of heredity

Question 3

genome

Answer 3

is the entire set of genes an organism possesses, including the specific alleles for each gene.

genetic material of a chromosome set

Question 4

mutation

Answer 4

a change in DNA sequence

Question 5

allele

Answer 5

an alternate form of gene (resulting from mutation)

Question 6

genotype

Answer 6

an organism’s genetic makeup, specifically the combination of alleles (versions of a gene) an individual carries for a particular trait.

Question 7

phenotype

Answer 7

outward manifestation of a specific genotype

Question 8

a change in DNA is called-

Answer 8

a mutation which creates a new version of gene

caused by:

-errors in replication and proof-reading

-exposure to mutagens

Question 9

characteristics that are commonly used in genetic analyses

Answer 9

-short generation time

-small size

-easily maintained

-large numbers of progeny

-small genome

-representative

Question 10

genetics is the study

Answer 10

of heredity

Question 11

chromosomes or chromatin consists of-

Answer 11

DNA and proteins for packaging, to control expression of genes

Question 12

packaging of DNA in chromosomes- summary

Answer 12

DNA

nucleosome

solenoid

relaxed

supercoiled

chromosome

Question 13

each chromosome is made of-

Answer 13

1 molecule of DNA