chapter 6 terms Flashcards
(18 cards)
conjugation
the union of bacterial cells during which genetic infomation is transferred from donor (F+ or Hfr) to recipient (F-)
plasmid
extrachromosomal, autonomously replicating, circular DNA
F (fertility) factor
bacterial episome (present on plasmid or chromosome) which allows a bacterial cell to be the donor during conjugation
Hfr (high frequency of recombination)
bacterial episome (present on plasmid or chromosome) which allows a bacterial cell to be the donor during conjugation
exconjugate
a bacterium that has undergone conjugatione
endogenote
the endogenous recipient chromosome
exogenote
the exogenous donor chromosome
merozygote
a cell which is a partial diploid, containing both an endogenote and an exogenote
origin of transfer
the fixed point from which DNA transfer begins during conjugation
transformation
intoduction of forein DNA material through external application
bacteriophage
“bacteria eater”; a virus that infects bacteria
lytic cycle
mode of infection in which the bacteriophage genome enters the bacterium, replicates, lyses the cell, and progeny are released
virulent bacteriophage
a bacteriophage which always completes the lytic cycle upon infection (unable to become a prophage)
prophage
a phage genome which is integrated into a bacterial chromosome
lysogenic
the state of a bacterial cell that has a prophage integrated into its chromosome
lysogenic bacterium (Lysogen)
bacterial cell capable of spontaneous lysis due, for example, to the release of prophage from the bacterial chromosome
temperate bacteriophage
a phage capable of entering the lysogenic cycle with its host (phage capable of becoming a prophage)
transduction
movement of genetic material from donor to recipient through a bacteriophage vector
