Chapter 1

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Rules, standards and norms shared by members of a society. Learned Behavior

Question 2

Society

Answer 2

A group of people who occupy
a specific locality, share
common cultural traditions, and
cooperate for their mutual
survival.

Question 3

LINGUISTICAL

ANTHROPOLOGY

Answer 3

That branch of anthropology which
is particularly concerned with
language and how different sorts of
communication interact with aspects of culture.

Question 4

Holistic

Answer 4

Viewing a question from the

broadest possible perspective

Question 5

paleoanthropology

Answer 5

the interdisciplinary approach to the study of earlier hominins - their chronology, physical structure, archaeological remains, habitats, and so on

Question 6

world view

Answer 6

The concepts of a society or
individual that explains how the
world works.

Question 7

Nontheistic

Answer 7

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Question 8

Intelligent design

Answer 8

The theory that life, or the universe,
cannot have arisen by chance and
was designed and created by some
intelligent entity.

Question 9

scientific model

Answer 9

An approach to research wherby a problem is identified, a hypothesis is stated, and that hypothesis is tested by collecting and analyzing data.

Question 10

archeology

Answer 10

Study of life-ways of people
from the past through retrieval
and analyzing the material
remains of past cultures.

Question 11

applied anthropology

Answer 11

Application of anthropological
knowledge, theory, and methods to
the solution of specific societal
problems

Question 12

osteology

Answer 12

The study of skeletons

Question 13

hypothesis

Answer 13

A tentative explanation of some phenomenon or related phenomenon

Question 14

paleontology

Answer 14

Study of earlier hominins - their chronology, physical structure, archaeological remains, habitats, and so on

Question 15

Lyssenko

Answer 15

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Question 16

Paradigm

Answer 16

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Question 17

teleology

Answer 17

(guided to some final end or

purpose)

Question 18

cultural anthropology

Answer 18

Study of contemporary cultures

• The attempt to understand the
general underlying patterns of all
human cultures

Question 19

medical anthropology

Answer 19

study of biological and cultural factors that effect health, disease, and sickness

Question 20

anthropometry

Answer 20

Measurement of human body parts

Question 21

systems

Answer 21

A group of interrelated and
interdependent parts forming a
whole

Question 22

primatology

Answer 22

The study of the biology and behavior of non-human primates (chimpanzees, Apes)

Question 23

Mendel

Answer 23

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Question 24

scientific creationism

Answer 24

The use of scientific data to support creationist interpretations of biology and geology

Question 25

theory

Answer 25

A powerful series of related scientific hypotheses that have been tested repeatedly for its validity, explain a series of natural related phenomenons, and allow predictions.

Question 26

forensics

Answer 26

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Question 27

BIOLOGICAL | ANTHROPOLOGY

Answer 27

Branch in anthropology that tries to understand what it means to be human from an evolutionary and biological perspective

Question 28

Subfields of Anthropology

Answer 28

``` cultural (social) anthropology linguistic anthropology Archaeology Applied anthropology biological (physical) anthropology Medical anthropology ```

Question 29

Ethnolinguistics

Answer 29

relationship between language and culture

Question 30

Socialinguistics

Answer 30

relationship between language and social relationships

Question 31

Bioculture evolution

Answer 31

The mutual interactive evolution of human biology and culture; The concept that biology makes culture possible and that developing culture further influences the direction of biological evolution.

Question 32

Human variation

Answer 32

studies the different biological differences within and among different populations of modern humans

Question 33

Human evolution

Answer 33

studies human evolutionary past

Question 34

Genetics

Answer 34

study of gene structure, actions and patterns of inheritance.

Question 35

Comparative approach

Answer 35

compare similar things in different groups searching for similarities and differences

Question 36

Evolutionary world view

Answer 36

all living things (species) change over time all living things are related Evolution is not goal oriented (it is not teleological)

Question 37

irreducible complexity

Answer 37

an irreducible complex system that has many components that are all needed to make the system function

Question 38

Redundant complexity

Answer 38

a redundant complex system consist of several parts but achieve their function in such a way that one or more parts can be removed with out completely disrupting the system

Question 39

Theistic evolution or evolutionary creation

Answer 39

a concept that asserts that classical religious teachings of God are compatible with modern scientific understanding about biological evolution. Evolution, according to this view, is simply a tool that God employed to develop human life

Question 40

Science

Answer 40

an organized and specific way of asking and trying to answer questions about and understanding the natural world

Question 41

Dialectic

Answer 41

A continuing intellectual dialogue in which thinkers strive for increased understanding

Question 42

thesis

Answer 42

a statement of an idea or perspective

Question 43

Antithesis

Answer 43

a statement of opinion presenting an alternative view that differs from the opinion stated originally and may seem to contradict it.

Question 44

Synthesis

Answer 44

a statement of opinion that integrates some aspects of the thesis and antithesis

Question 45

Empirical

Answer 45

relying on or gained experience or direct observation

Question 46

Fact

Answer 46

an objective state usually based on direct observation that reasonable observers agree its true

Question 47

Hominins

Answer 47

Coloquial term for members of the evolutionary group that includes modern humans and bipedal relatives

Question 48

Species

Answer 48

a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

Question 49

primates

Answer 49

members of the order mammal primates, which include lemurs lorises, tarsiers, monkeys, apes and humans

Question 50

Evolution

Answer 50

a change in genetic structure of a population

Question 51

adaptation

Answer 51

an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral response of organisms or populations to the environment

Question 52

Anthropology

Answer 52

The field of inquiry that studies human culture and evolutionary aspects of human biology

Question 53

Ethnographies

Answer 53

detailed descriptive studies of human societies

Question 54

bioarchaeology

Answer 54

study of skeletal remains in a archaeological site

Question 55

forensic anthropology

Answer 55

an applied anthropological approach dealing with legal matters

Question 56

data

Answer 56

facts in which conclusion can be drawn

Question 57

quantitatively

Answer 57

pertaining to measurements of quantity and including such properties as size, number, and capacity. When data are quantified, they´re expressed numerically and can be tested statistically

Question 58

ethnocentric

Answer 58

viewing other cultures from the inherently biased perspective of ones own culture and often results in other cultures being seen as inferior to ones own

Question 59

relativistic

Answer 59

viewing entities as they relate to something else

Question 60

metabolism

Answer 60

the chemical processes within cells that break down nutrients and release energy for the body to use.