Flashcards in Chapter 1 Deck (89)
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1
Definition of Homeostasis
balance the body tries to maintain. "homeo-" means the same and "stasis" means staying
2
Disection
cutting apart
3
Anatomy
Anatomist learn about the structure of the body by cutting it apart
4
Physiology
study of the functions of living organisms and their parts.
5
Scientific Method
Propose Hypothesis -> Design Experiment -> Collect and analyze data -> determine whether the data are biased -> refine hypothesis -> repeat the experiments -> ACCEPT AS THEORY -> ACCEPT AS LAW
6
1 METER= (X) IN
39.37
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1 CM = (x) M
10^-2
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1 MM = (x) M
10^-3
9
1 μ = (x) M
10^-6
10
1 nm = (x) M
10 ^ -9 M
11
1 Å = (x) M
10 ^ -10 m
12
1 in = (x) Cm
2.5 cm
13
Smallest living units of structure
Cells
14
Organization of many cells that act together to perform a common function
Tissue
15
Group of several different tissues arranged in a way that allow them to act as a unit to perform a special function
Organ
16
An organization of varying numbers and kinds or organs that can work together to perform complex functions for the body
Systems
17
Anatomical position
Body is in an erect posture with arms at sides and pals forward. Head and feet fact forward.
18
Supine position
Lying face upward
19
Prone position
Lying face downward
20
Superior
Toward the head
21
Inferior
Toward the feet
22
Anterior
Front or In front of
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Posterior
Back or in back of
24
Ventral (in place of anterior)
Toward the belly
25
Dorsal
Toward the back
26
Medial
Toward the midline of the body
27
Lateral
Toward the side of the body or away from its midline
28
Proximal
Toward or nearest the trunk of the body
29
Distal
Away from the trunk or point of origin of the body
30
Superficial
Near the surface
31
Deep
Further from the surface
32
Saggittal
Lighthouse plane running from front to back
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Frontal
Length wise running left to right
34
Transverse
Horizontal plane cutting body in half
35
Thoracic cavity
Chest cavity
36
Mediastinum
Mid portion of the thoracic cavity
37
Left and right pleural cavities
Left and right sides of the thoracic cavity
38
Ways to divide the abdominal cavity
Four quadrants
None regions
39
Upper abdominopelvic regions
Right and left hypochondriac regions and epicanthic regions
40
Middle abdominopelvic regions
Right and left lumbar and umbilical
41
Lower abdominopelvic regions
Right and left iliac and hypo gastric
42
Dorsal cavity includes:
Cranial cavity and spinal cavity
43
Ventral cavities
Thoracic and abdominopelvic
44
Forearm
Antebeachial
45
Depressed area just in front of elbow
Antecubical
46
Armpit
Axillary
47
Arm
Brachial
48
Cheek
Buccal region
49
Wrist
Carpal region
50
Head
Cephalic region
51
Neck
Cervical region
52
Skull
Cranial region
53
Leg
Cural region
54
Elbow
Cubital region
55
Skin/ body surface
Cutaneous region
56
Fingers or toes
Digital region
57
Face
Facial region
58
Forehead
Frontal region
59
Nose
Nasal region
60
Mouth
Oral region
61
Eyes
Orbital region or ophthalmic region
62
Upper cheek
Zygomatic region
63
Thigh
Femoral region
64
Buttock
Gluteal region
65
Groin
Inguineal region
66
Lower back between ribs and pelvis
Lumbar region
67
Breast
Mammary region
68
Back of lower skull
Occipital region
69
Back of elbow
Olecranal
70
Palm of hand
Palmar region
71
Foot
Pedal region
72
Lower portion of torso
Pelvic region
73
Area between anus and Gentiles
Perineal region
74
Sole of foot
Plantar region
75
Area behind knee
Popliteal region
76
Area above clavical
Superclavicular region
77
Ankle
Tarsal region
78
Side of skull
Temporal region
79
Chest
Thoracic cavity
80
Area around naval or umbilicus
Umbilical region
81
Palm or sole
Collar region
82
Degenerative process that results from disuse
Atrophy
83
Homeostasis
Body maintaining relatively constant conditions within the body
84
Highly complex and integrated communication control system
Feedback loop
85
Feedback loop process
Sensor-> integrator -> effector -> controlled condition
86
Negative feedback loops
Oppose or negate a change in condition
87
Positive feedback loop
Stimulators; temporarily amplify the change that is occurring
88
Developmental processes
Changes and functions occurring during early years
89
