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PHYSICS > CHAPTER 1 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How is energy transferred

A

by waves, an electric current, a force when an object falls

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2
Q

What is the principal of the conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

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3
Q

What is a closed system?

A

A system where no energy transfers take place

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4
Q

What is work done

A

The amount of energy transferred to an object when a force makes an object move

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5
Q

What is the equation for work done

A

work done = force x distance

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6
Q

What is the equation for the change in gravitational potential energy store

A

Change of GPE = mass x gravitational field strength x change in height

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7
Q

Why does the gravitational potential energy store increase when an object is lifted

A

Work is done to overcome the gravitational force

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8
Q

In a motor what is the power supplied to it

A

The energy supplied to it

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9
Q

What makes an appliance powerful

A

The faster it transfers energy

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10
Q

What is the equation for power involving energy transferred and time

A

Power = energy transferred / time

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11
Q

How to calculate the power wasted by an appliance

A

Wasted power = total power input - useful power output

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12
Q

Useful energy from a light bulb

A

Light

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13
Q

Wasted energy in a light bulb

A

Heat

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14
Q

Useful energy in a heater

A

Heat

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15
Q

Wasted energy from a heater

A

Light emitted from a glowing element

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16
Q

Useful energy in a toaster

A

Heat

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17
Q

Energy wasted from a toaster

A

Hearing the toaster itself

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18
Q

Useful energy in a kettle

A

Heating the water

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19
Q

Useful energy in a kettle

A

Heating water

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20
Q

Wasted energy in a kettle

A

Heating the kettle itself

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21
Q

Useful energy in a hairdryer

A

Heat

Kinetic energy of the fan

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22
Q

Wasted energy from a hairdryer

A

Sound

Heating hairdryer itself

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23
Q

Useful energy in motor

A

GPE of objects lifted kinetic energy

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24
Q

Energy wasted from motor

A

Heating motor

Sound

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25
What should an electrical appliance do
Waste as little energy as possible
26
What is the input energy
The energy supplied to a device
27
How do machines waste energy
Friction between moving parts
28
How to reduce the impact of friction
Lubricantes on moving parts
29
How to reduce the problem of resistance
Use wires with lower resistance
30
How to reduce the problem of air resistance
Streamline
31
How to reduce the problem of sound as it’s transferred to the surroundings
Tighten loose parts
32
What is useful energy
Energy transferred to where it is needed in the way it is needed
33
What is wasted energy
Energy which isn’t transferred usefully or needed
34
What happens when energy dissipates
It spreads out
35
What is the kinetic energy word equation
Kinetic energy = 1/2 x m x v ^2
36
What is the equation for elastic potential energy
Elastic potential energy = 1/2 x spring constant x extension ^2
37
What are the 8 different energy stores
``` Chemical Kinetic Elastic potential Gravitational potential Thermal Nuclear Magnetic Electrostatic ```
38
Examples of chemical energy stores
Fuels Foods Chemicals in batteries
39
When is energy in a chemical energy store released
During chemical reactions
40
What is a kinetic energy store
The energy an object has because it is moving
41
What is the gravitational potential energy store
The energy an object has because of its position above the ground
42
What is the elastic potential energy
The energy stored in a spring when you stretch or squash it
43
What happens when a system changes
Energy is transferred
44
What happens to the energy stores when the ball is dropped
Gravitational potential energy decreased the kinetic energy increases
45
What is a closed system
Where no energy can enter or leave
46
What energy is transferred when a person throws a ball up
Chemical energy in a person is transferred to the kinetic energy in the ball
47
What happens when you apply the breaks in a car
The friction caused the kinetic energy to decrease and be transferred as heat energy to the surroundings
48
What happens when an object is moved by a force
Work is done on that object by the force transfers energy to the object
49
What does work done equal
Energy transferred
50
Why do the brake pads become warm when they are applied
Work is being done to overcome friction
51
Why does an object speed up as it falls
GPE store is converted to kinetic energy
52
Why wouldn’t a bunker jumper return to the original height after jumping
Some of the energy has been transferred to the surroundings
53
Why would a pendulum swinging in a vacuum be an example of a closed system
There is no energy transferred so it could keep swinging forever
54
What is work done the same as
Energy transferred
55
What happens to work done to overcome friction
It is transferred to the surroundings
56
What energy transfers happen when an object is lifted up
The work done on the object is equal to the increase in GPE
57
What energy transfers happen when an object is lifted up
The work done on the object is equal to the increase in GPE
58
What does work does to move an object up or down depend on
How far | Weight
59
To calculate difference in GPE along a slope what do you remember to do
Calculate vertical height not distance up slope
60
Why does GPE of an object increase when you lift it up
Work is being done to overcome gravity
61
Energy lost from GPE store =
Energy gained in kinetic energy store in
62
What does the kinetic energy of a moving object depend on
Mass and speed
63
What is elastic potential energy
Energy stores in an elastic object when work is done in the object
64
What does it mean when energy dissipates
It spreads out and is stored in less useful ways
65
What is the input energy
The energy supplied to a device
66
What are the 4 reasons machines waste energy
Noice Friction Air resistance Electrical resistance
67
What is the power supplied to a motor
The energy supplied to it per second

PHYSICS (16 decks)

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