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APHG > Chapter 1 - APHG > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - APHG Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Place

A

A Specific Point On Earth, Distinguished By A Particular Characteristic.

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2
Q

Region

A

An Area Of Earth Defined By One Or More Distinctive Characteristics.

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3
Q

Scale

A

The Relationship Between The Portion Of Earth Being Studied And Earth As A Whole.

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4
Q

Global Scale

A

Such As Climate Change And Depletion Of Energy Supplies.

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5
Q

Local Scale

A

Processes–Such As The Preservation Of Distinctive Cultural And Economic
Activities—Are Increasingly Important.

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6
Q

Space

A

Refers To The Physical Gap Or Interval Between Two Objects.

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7
Q

Connection

A

Relationships Among People And Objects Across The Barrier Of Space.

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8
Q

Map

A

A Two-Dimensional Or Flat-Scale Model Of Earths Surface Or A Portion Of It.

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9
Q

Uses of Maps

A

Reference Tool and Communications Tool

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10
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A

Is A System That Determines The Precise Position Of Something On Earth

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11
Q

Geotagging

A

The Identification And Storage Of A Piece Of Information

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12
Q

Geographic Information Science (GIScience)

A

An Analysis Of Data About Earth Acquired Through Satellites And Other Electronic Information Technologies.

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13
Q

Vector Data

A

Consists Of Points and Lines

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14
Q

Raster Data

A

Consists Of Images Such As Landforms.

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15
Q

Remote Sensing

A

Satellites Scan Earth’s Surface And Transmit Images In Digital Form To A
Receiving Station On Earth’s Surface

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16
Q

Mashup

A

A Map That Overlays Data From One Source On Top Of A Map Provided By A Mapping Service

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17
Q

Map Scale

A

To The Relationship Of A Feature’s Size On A Map To Its Actual Size On Earth

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18
Q

Ratio Scale

A

Shows The Numerical Ratio Between Distances On The Map And Earth Surface.

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19
Q

Types of Map Scales

A

Ratio, Written, Graphic

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20
Q

Written Scale

A

Describes The Relationship Between The Map And Earth Distances In Words.

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21
Q

Graphic Scale

A

Consists Of A Bar Line Marked To Show Distance On Earth Surface.

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22
Q

Projection

A

Is The Scientific Method Of Transferring Locations On The Earth’s Surface To A Flat Map

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23
Q

Types of Distortion

A

Shape, Distance, Relative Size, Direction

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24
Q

Location

A

The Position That Something Occupies On The Earth’s Surface

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25
Toponym
The Name Given To A Place On Earth.
26
Site
The Physical Characteristics Of A Place
27
Situation
The Location Of A Place Relative To Other Places
28
Cultural Landscape
A Combination Of Cultural Features Such As Language And Religion, Economic Features Such As Agriculture And Industry, And Physical Features Such As Climate And Vegetation
29
Formal Region
An Area Within Which Everyone Shares In Common One Or More Distinctive Characteristics
30
Functional Region
An Area Organized Around A Node Or Focal Point
31
Vernacular Region
An Area That People Believe Exists As Part Of Their Cultural Identity
32
Culture
The Body Of Customary Beliefs, Material Traits, And Social Forms That Together Constitute The Distinct Tradition Of A Group Of People
33
Language
A System Of Signs, Sounds Gestures, And Marks That Have Meaning Understood Within A Cultural Group
34
Religion
An Important Cultural Value Because It Is The Principal System Of Attitudes, Beliefs, And Practices Through Which People Worship In A Formally Organized Way
35
Ethnicity
A Group’s Language, Religion, And Other Cultural Values As Well As Its Physical Traits
36
Spatial Association
Occurs Within A Region If The Distribution Of One Feature Is Related To The Distribution Of Another Feature
37
Globalization
Is A Force Or Process That Involves The Entire World And Results In Making Something Worldwide In Scope.
38
Distribution
The Arrangement Of A Feature In Space
39
Three Main Properties of Distribution
Density, Concentration, Pattern
40
Density
The Frequency With Which Something Occurs In Space
41
Concentration
The Extent Of A Feature’s Spread Over Space
42
Pattern
The Geometric Arrangement Of Objects In Space
43
Humanistic Geography
The Different Ways That Individuals Form Ideas About Place And Give Those Places Symbolic Meanings.
44
Behavioral Geography
The Importance Of Understanding The Psychological Basis For Individual Human Actions In Space.
45
Diffusion
The Process By Which A Feature Spreads Across Space From One Place To Another Over Time
46
Types of Diffusion
Relocation and Expansion
47
Hearth
A Place From Which A Feature Or Innovation Originates
48
Relocation Diffusion
The Spread Of An Idea Through The Physical Movement Of People From One Place To Another
49
Expansion Diffusion
The Spread Of A Feature From One Place To Another
50
Types of Expansion
Hierarchical, Stimulus, Contagious
51
Hierarchical Diffusion
The Spread Of An Idea From Persons Or Nodes Of Authority Or Power To Other Persons Or Places
52
Contagious Diffusion
The Rapid, Widespread Diffusion Of A Character Throughout The Population
53
Stimulus Diffusion
The Spread Of An Underlying Principle Even If The Characteristic Itself Fails To Diffuse
54
Distance Decay
The Theory That The Farther Away Someone Is From Another, The Less Likely The Two Are To Interact
55
Space Time Compression
The Lessening Of Distance-Decay In The Modern World Because The Connection Between Places Takes Much Less Time
56
Results of Connections Between Cultural Groups
Assimilation, Acculturation, Syncretism
57
Assimilation
The Process By Which A Group’s Cultural Features Are Altered To Resemble Those Of Another Group
58
Acculturation
The Process Of Changes In Culture That Result From The Meeting Of Two Groups
59
Syncretism
The Combining Of Elements Of Two Groups Into A New Cultural Feature
60
Resource
A Substance In The Environment That Is Useful To People, Economically And Technologically Feasible To Access, And Socially Acceptable To Use.
61
Renewable
Produced In Nature More Rapidly Than They Are Consumed By Humans,
62
Non Renewable
Not Produced in Nature More rapidly than they are consumed by humans
63
Sustainability
The Use Of Earth’s Resources In Ways That Ensure Their Availability In The Future.
64
Three Pillars of Sustainability
Environment, Society, Economy
65
Three Abiotic Systems
Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere
66
One Biotic System
Biosphere
67
Five Main Climate Regions
Tropical, Dry, Warm, Cold, Polar
68
Ecosystem
A Group Of Living Organisms And The Abiotic Spheres With Which They Interact
69
Ecology
The study of Ecosystems
70
Cultural Ecology
The Study Of Human-Environment Relationships
71
Environmental Determinism
The Physical Environment Causes Social Development
72
Possiblism
The Environment Sets Some Limits, But People Have The Ability To Adjust.

APHG (6 decks)

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