Chapter 1: Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is a nucleus
Contains protons and neutrons
what is the atomic number
number of protons in a given element
what is the mass number
the sum of an elements protons and neutrons
what is the atomic mass
equal to mass number
what are isotopes
atoms of a given element with different number of neutrons (different mass number)
what is atomic weight
weighted average of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element
what is the Bohr model of the atom
a dense positively charged nucleus is surrounded by electrons revolving around the nucleus in orbits with distinct energy levels
what is quantization
there is not an infinite amount of energy levels available to an electron; they can only exist at certain energy levels
what is the atomic absorption/emission spectrum
absorption/emission of energy needed to jump/fall from one energy level to the next
what is the heisenberg uncertainty principle
states that it is impossible to know both an electrons position ands its momentum exactly at the same time
what is the quantum mechanical model
posits that electrons do not travel in defined orbitals but are localized in regions of space around the nucleus
what is the principle quantum number, n
describes average energy of a shell
what is the azimuthal quantum number, l
describes the subshells within a given principal energy level (s,p,d, and f)
what is the magnetic quantum number, ml
specifies the particular orbital within a subshell where an electron is likely to be found
what is the spin quantum number, ms
indicates the spin orientation of an electron in a given orbital
