Chapter 1 History of Psychology

Question 1

Structuralism

Answer 1

complex psychological processes can be reduced to a set of basic components of consciousness

Question 2

Empirical Method

Answer 2

• Focuses on operationalization
• Emphasizes precise measurement, repetition and verifiability.

(considered too reductionistic)

Question 3

Operationalization

Answer 3

reducing complex psychological concepts

Question 4

Functionalism

Answer 4

John Dewey

How awareness can be useful in analyzing and overcoming everyday problems.

Using the results of psychological research and making it accessible to be applied by everyone

Question 5

Linking science

Answer 5

translating evidence from research into solutions for various practical problems

Question 6

Empirical cycle

Answer 6

Observation
Induction (making assumptions
Deduction (making predicitons about occurence of a phenomenon)
Testing
Evaluation

Question 7

Regulative cycle

Answer 7

Problem analysis
Solution generation
Implementation of solution
evaluation of the impact

Question 8

Basic research / Applied research / Design Oriented research

Answer 8

Basic research: conducted in the lab. Descriptive or explanatory.

• Artificial Situation
• aim is to learn about origins of a phenomenon or test predictions

Applied research: studying phenomenon in real life.

• aim is to explain one phenomenon disregarding other situations
• generalizing the results to apply to other practical situations to explain or test a hypothesis.

Design Oriented research:
Designing and testing intervetions. Directed to a solution derived from a problem analysis.
- systematic study of designing developing and evaluation interventions
- developing knowledge about effective interventions by evaluating effects.