Chapter 1: intro the concepts (prejudice, stereotyping, discrimination)

Question 1

def: prejudice

Answer 1

unjustified/incorrect attitude

Question 2

def: discrimination

Answer 2

unjust/prejudiced treatment of different groups

Question 3

def: stereotype

Answer 3

opinions about characteristics attributes and behavior

Question 4

diamonds theory of geographical advantage (5)

Answer 4

1. more access to resources to make technology
2. only few animals are domesticable/ useable
3. places where usable species are native developed food production 1st
4. farming = increase in pop. organized societies inventions and disease
5. similarities in climate facilitate spread of species (east to west)

Question 5

what does inequalities perpetuate inequalities mean?

Answer 5

have nots have fewer resources to work with. they are neg. stereotypes and impeded from gaining access to resources

haves have more resources, work to stay on top. neg. stereotype have nots not aware of their privilege

Question 6

where do stereotypes come from

Answer 6

media based
observation based
culturally based

Question 7

def: descriptive stereotypes

Answer 7

describes the characteristics of the group

Question 8

def: prescriptive stereotypes

Answer 8

tell us what people should be like and what they should do

Question 9

psychological triad

Answer 9

Stereotypes (thoughts)
Prejudice (feelings)
Discrimination (behavior)

Question 10

types of discrimination

Answer 10

interpersonal
organizational
institutional
cultural

Question 11

critical race theory

Answer 11

*race is social not biological
*racism is not the result of individual bias/prejudice
*racism is embedded in social institutions, systems and policies

Question 12

def: scientific racism

Answer 12

Interpretation (misinterpretation) of research to show minority groups in a bad light

Question 13

goal of scientific racism

Answer 13

prove superiority of the majority to justify racism by citing research
ex: eugenics

Question 14

psychodynamic theory

Answer 14

economic/ social hardships (Great Depression/ nazism) led to the idea that people acted out their frustration through hostility/ aggression towards the minority group

Question 15

authoritarian (Adorno and Berkley group)

Answer 15

people prone to believe whatever the authority figure says
rooted in childhood experiences especially a childhood that had strict rules enforced by physical punishment

Question 16

sociocultural theory

Answer 16

racism is a cultural norm
cultural provides stereotypes
individual factors contributing to prejudice are deemphasized

Question 17

ex: of sociocultural theory

Answer 17

social role theory: emerge from observing people in social roles and applying that to all people in those roles

Question 18

intergroup relations theory

Answer 18

prejudice derives from perception of competition between groups

Question 19

social identity theory

Answer 19

want to feel good about groups they are part of so they distinguish their own group from others

Question 20

cognitive theory

Answer 20

stereotyping is normal process for managing a complex world

Question 21

evolutionary theory

Answer 21

all behavior derives from psychological mechanisms that evolved to fulfill function

evolved to protect communities from harm

disitnguishing between in-group and outgrip found in every culture