Chapter 1: Introduction to Employee Training and Development

Question 1

A company’s ability to maintain and gain market share in an industry.

Answer 1

Competitiveness

Question 2

An upper hand over other firms in an industry.

Answer 2

Competitive advantage

Question 3

The policies, practices, and systems that influence employees’ behavior, attitudes, and performance.

Answer 3

Human resource management

Question 4

Company leaders, top-level managers, mid-level managers, trainers, and employees who are end users of learning who have an interest in training and development and whose support is important for determining its success (or failure).

Answer 4

Stakeholders

Question 5

The acquisition of knowledge by individual employees or groups of employees who are willing to apply that knowledge in their jobs in making decisions and accomplishing tasks for the company; a relatively permanent change in human capabilities that does not result from growth processes.

Answer 5

Learning

Question 6

The sum of the attributes, life experiences, knowledge, inventiveness, energy, and enthusiasm that a company’s employees invest in their work.

Answer 6

Human capital

Question 7

A company’s planned effort to facilitate employees’ learning of job-related competencies.

Answer 7

Training

Question 8

Formal education, job experiences, relationships, and assessments of personality and abilities that help employees prepare for the future.

Answer 8

Development

Question 9

Training and development programs, courses, and events that are developed and organized by the company.

Answer 9

Formal training and development

Question 10

Learning that is learner initiated, involves action and doing, is motivated by an intent to develop, and does not occur in a formal learning setting.

Answer 10

Informal learning

Question 11

Knowledge that can be formalized, codified, and communicated.

Answer 11

Explicit knowledge

Question 12

Personal knowledge that is based on individual experience and that is difficult to explain to others.

Answer 12

Tacit knowledge

Question 13

The process of enhancing company performance by designing and implementing tools, processes, systems, structures, and cultures to improve the creating, sharing, and use of knowledge.

Answer 13

Knowledge management

Question 14

A systematic approach to developing training programs. Its seven steps include conducting needs assessment, ensuring employees’ readiness for training, creating a learning environment, ensuring transfer of training, developing an evaluation plan, selecting training methods, and evaluating training programs.

Answer 14

Training design process

Question 15

A process for designing and developing training programs.

Answer 15

Instructional System Design (ISD)

Question 16

Any approach to training development that focuses on speed, flexibility, collaboration, repeated review, and reuse of existing content, if appropriate.

Answer 16

Agile learning or agile instructional design

Question 17

The process of moving jobs from the United States to other locations in the world.

Answer 17

Offshoring

Question 18

The codified knowledge that exists in a company.

Answer 18

Intellectual capital

Question 19

The value of relationships among employees within a company.

Answer 19

Social capital

Question 20

The value of relationships with persons or other organizations outside a company for accomplishing the goals of the company (e.g., relationships with suppliers, customers, vendors, and government agencies).

Answer 20

Customer capital

Question 21

The extent to which employees are fully involved in their work and the strength of their commitment to their job and the company.

Answer 21

Employee engagement

Question 22

The adoption of a new idea or behavior by a company.

Answer 22

Change

Question 23

A company that has an enhanced capacity to learn, adapt, and change; an organization whose employees continuously attempt to learn new things and then apply what they have learned to improve product or service quality.

Answer 23

Learning organization

Question 24

Any dimension or characteristic that differentiates one person from another.

Answer 24

Diversity

Question 25

Fair treatment, access, opportunity, and advancement for all employees, while at the same time striving to identify and eliminate barriers that have prevented the full participation of some groups.

Answer 25

Equity

Question 26

Creating an environment in which employees share a sense of belonging, mutual respect, and commitment with others so they can perform their best work.

Answer 26

Inclusion

Question 27

The process of attracting, retaining, developing, and motivating highly skilled employees and managers.

Answer 27

Talent management

Question 28

Science, technology, engineering, and math skills that U.S. employers need and value, but employees lack.

Answer 28

STEM skills

Question 29

Employees who own the means of producing a product or service. These employees have a specialized body of knowledge or expertise that they use to perform their jobs and contribute to company effectiveness.

Answer 29

Knowledge workers

Question 30

A style of doing business that relies on the talents and capabilities of both labor and management to build and provide high-quality products and services and continuously improve them.

Answer 30

Total Quality Management (TQM)

Question 31

A national award created in 1987 to recognize U.S. companies’ quality achievements and to publicize quality strategies.

Answer 31

Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award

Question 32

A family of standards developed by the International Organization for Standardization that includes 20 requirements for dealing with such issues as how to establish quality standards and document work processes.

Answer 32

ISO 9000:2000

Question 33

A process of measuring, analyzing, improving, and then controlling processes once they have been brought within the Six Sigma quality tolerances or standards.

Answer 33

Six Sigma process

Question 34

Doing more with less effort, equipment, space, and time, but providing customers with what they need and want. Includes training workers in new skills or how to apply old skills in new ways so that they can quickly take over new responsibilities or use new skills to help fill customer orders.

Answer 34

Lean thinking

Question 35

Quality management guidelines detailing how to establish, implement, maintain, and ensure training and development systems help employees’ obtain the knowledge and skills they need to perform effectively.

Answer 35

ISO 10015:2019

Question 36

Learning that can occur daily in the work setting using devices such as smartphones, tablets, and computers.

Answer 36

Digital learning

Question 37

Employees improving or expanding their current skills.

Answer 37

Upskilling

Question 38

Employees acquiring new knowledge or skills.

Answer 38

Reskilling

Question 39

The use of independent contractors, freelancers, on-call workers, temporary workers, and contract company workers.

Answer 39

Nontraditional employment

Question 40

Companies who rely primarily on nontraditional employment to meet service needs and product demands.

Answer 40

Gig economy

Question 41

A group of employees with various skills who interact to assemble a product or produce a service.

Answer 41

Work team

Question 42

A training method in which team members understand and practice each other’s skills so that members are prepared to step in and take another member’s place should someone temporarily or permanently leave the team; also, more simply, training employees to learn the skills of one or several additional jobs.

Answer 42

Cross-training

Question 43

A team that is separated by time, geographic distance, culture, and/or organizational boundaries and that relies almost exclusively on technology to interact and complete projects.

Answer 43

Virtual team

Question 44

The integrated use of training and development, organizational development, and career development to improve individual, group, and organizational effectiveness.

Answer 44

Human resource development

Question 45

_____ refers to an organized effort by a company to facilitate learning of job-related competencies, knowledge, skills, and behaviors by employees.

Answer 45

Training

Question 46

True or false: There is only a single universally accepted instructional system development model that is used to develop training programs.

Answer 46

False

Question 47

What are the steps of the Instructional System Design (ISD)

Answer 47

Analysis, design, implementation, and evaluation

Question 48

Development is similar to training, except that it tends to be _____

Answer 48

More future-focused

Question 49

Rejuve Health Inc., a geriatric care provider, organizes social events at its center for its nurses working at different locations. The nurses utilize these events for formal and informal discussions with their co-workers and the management. This strategy adopted by Rejuve Health Inc. promotes _____

Answer 49

Employee engagement

Question 50

Employees' engagement levels in a company are most likely evaluated with _____

Answer 50

Attitude or opinion surveys

Question 51

Talent management is becoming increasingly more important because of _____

Answer 51

the changes in the demand for specific occupations and jobs

Question 52

Speedo Auto, an automobile manufacturer, plans to reduce manufacturing costs by shifting its manufacturing operations to low-cost locations. This strategy adopted by Speedo Auto is referred to as _____

Answer 52

Offshoring

Question 53

True or false. In addition to STEM skills, workers need to develop skills necessary to work together with technology or to perform jobs that are uniquely human and cannot be replaced with technology.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

_____ is the most significant factor in deciding the size and composition of the labor force, which comprises people who are working and those who are looking for work.

Answer 54

Population

Question 55

UV Care Inc., a financial services company, faced a major shift in its employee demographics because of the retirement of a large number of baby boomers and the recruitment of a large number of millennials. In this scenario, the company's management should _____

Answer 55

allow the millennial employees to learn and grow

Question 56

_____ is a company-wide effort to constantly enhance the ways people, machines, and systems accomplish work.

Answer 56

Total Quality Management

Question 57

_____ refers to the organized and strategic effort by a company to utilize bundles of human resource management practices, including acquiring and assessing employees, learning and development, performance management, and compensation, to attract, retain, develop, and encourage well-skilled employees and managers.

Answer 57

Talent management

Question 58

Skills in science, technology, engineering, and math are referred to as _____ _____

Answer 58

STEM skills

Question 59

Training can aid companies meet the quality challenge by teaching employees a concept known as _____

Answer 59

Lean thinking

Question 60

The highest level of national recognition for quality that a U.S. company can receive is the _____, which was created by public law.

Answer 60

Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award

Question 61

The _____, a network of national standards institutes that comprises 160 countries and has a central governing body in Geneva, Switzerland, is the world's largest developer and publisher of international standards.

Answer 61

International Organization for Standardization

Question 62

What is most likely to be the objective of Six Sigma?

Answer 62

Developing a total business focus on serving the customer

Question 63

Green Tree Finance Inc. is a company that does tax auditing for small- and medium-sized organizations. The company has a team of auditors and accountants who work from different geographic locations and communicate with each other over the Internet. Based on the above characteristics, this team would be referred to as a(n) _____

Answer 63

virtual team

Question 64

Companies that compete in the gig economy rely on _____

Answer 64

the services offered by nontraditional employees to meet service and product demands

Question 65

_____ refers to the process where training and development activities are provided by a third party, which comprises individuals outside the company.

Answer 65

Outsourcing

Question 66

True or false: The highest amount of the learning content of training provided by companies concerns basic skills.

Answer 66

False