Chapter 1 - Learning Objectives Flashcards
What are nutrients ?
Chemical substances that provide nourishment necessary for growth
Essential nutrients
Crucial for our diets; they are NOT made in our body
Nonessential nutrients
We have these nutrients in a certain amount, so we still should consume a healthy amount
ex: amino acids and cholesterol
What are the six classes of nutrients ?
- Carbs
- Proteins
- Lipids(fats)
- vitamins
- minerals
- H2O
Which nutrients are organic, energy-yielding MACROnutrients?
- CARBS(calories)-consumed in grams
- Proteins
- Lipids(fats)
What are vitamins ?
Vitamins are organic MICROnutrients (mL)
What are minerals ?
Minerals are inorganic, MICROnutrients
What is H2O?
It is inorganic (we usually take these in larger amounts)
What does it mean when it is an Organic compound ?
Organic compounds contain Carbon
What is the fifth leading cause of death in the U.S?
Diet significantly influences risk for death
What is necessary to yield energy?
Vitamins and Minerals
Macro
Source of kcalories
How many kcal for carbohydrates ?
4 kcal/g
How many kcal for protein?
4 kcal/g
How many kcal in fat ?
9kcal/g (energy dense!)
What does alcohol do to you?
It yields energy at 7kcal/g and it is NOT a nutrient
Lower density food contribute contribute to weight loss, what are some examples of lower density food ?
Protein and carbohydrates
Carbs are _________________.
Chains of glucose (sugar)
It’s a critical source of energy (#1 source)
Lipids are ______________.
Calorie dense
Provides insulation/ protection for our organs
Proteins are used for _______________.
Structure, growth, and repair
Water helps____________________.
Shape and protect all of our cells
Regulator; controls body temp
CALORIES=
ENERGY
What are phytochemicals, and what do they do ?
Biologically active beneficial compounds in plant foods.
Plant pigments are a rich source of phytochemicals, they provide color, aroma, and flavor
What causes malnutrition ?
Inadequate, excessive, or unbalanced nutrient intake can result in malnutrition
