Chapter 1: Methods Flashcards
(10 cards)
Samples and Populations
Sample: subset of the population
Population: the entire group that is being studied
Correlational Research
Determines the relationship between variables without manipulation; cannot establish causation
Experimental Research
Manipulates one variable (iv) to determine the cause and effect of another variable (dv)
Key Characteristics of correlational research
Doesn’t manipulate variables
Doesn’t determine causation
Measures the relationship between variables
Uses surveys
Observers
Key characteristics of Experimental Research
Manipulates IV
Determines causation
Controls extraneous variables
Random assigned participants to conditions
Types of experimental manipulation
Manipulation of iv
Uses controlled or experimental groups
Changing settings or instructions
Understand why settings and researcher’s control differ by type of study
Laboratory studies offer more control but less realism; field studies have less control but more natural behavior
Issues with correlational research
Underrepresented samples
Wording or order of questions
Framing biases can interfere with results
Importance of Ethics in Social Psychology Research
Makes sure that participants are treated with respect and agree to participate in the study voluntarily, use deception when necessary (mislead them about the study), debrief (explain the true nature of the study)
Main components of APA journal article
Title, Abstract, Intro, Methods, Results, Discussion, References
