Chapter 1 Notes

Question 1

Until when were humans hunting and gathering, and what did this propel?

Answer 1

Until 9000BCE, it propelled migration all over the earth

Question 2

What was the beginning of the Paleolithic (old stone) age characterized by?

Answer 2

Simple tools, fire, and homo erectus

Question 3

Late Paleolithic developments

Answer 3

Improving tools, religion, cultures, last great ice age- improved conditions

Question 3

Mesolithic (middle stone) age characteristics

Answer 3

Domesticated animals, better weapons/tools, improved fishing-rafts, pop growth

Question 4

Neolithic age characteristics

Answer 4

Elaborate social organization, development agr. And cities

Question 5

Hunters and gathers

Answer 5

Could not support large populations, migratory

Question 6

Neolithic revolution- development of agr

Answer 6

Caused by climate change and less food
Disease but immunity
C. Asia> herding
Agr> elaborate social and cultural patterns, specialization, domesticated pigs sheep goats and cattle, org. ME, greater wealth
Copper then bronze> manufacturing artisans

Question 7

Bronze Age

Answer 7

3000 BC

Iron- 1500 BC

Question 8

Civilization

Answer 8

Occurred in most farming societies
Encouraged by irrigation and defense
CATAL HUYUK
Increase human impact in nature
Tool makers
1. ME, eygpt indus china 
Gender/ social inequality- more war

Question 9

Slash and burn arg

Answer 9

Burn trees, farm, leave, come back

Question 10

Define civilization

Answer 10

Emergence of formal political organizations as opposed to dependence on family or tribal ties

Question 11

Cites

Answer 11

Crucial to wealth and power - encouraged artistic impression

Exchange in ideas

Question 12

First writing

Answer 12

Cuneiform- allowed elaborate political structures, messages, records, tax efficiently, changed way people thought- more rational

Question 13

Nomads

Answer 13

Referred as barbarians- improvements in riding equipment and weapons and vital roles in trade and contacts