Chapter 1 - Opposition - Political parties

Question 1

OPPOSITION (POLITICAL PARTIES): ALEXANDER II

Answer 1

OPPOSITION (POLITICAL PARTIES): ALEXANDER II

Question 2

What were the Populists?

Answer 2

Middle and upper class intellectuals who wanted political change

Question 3

Why were the Populists able to exist under Alexander II?

Answer 3

Alexander II’s reforms

Question 4

What were the two chief proponents of the Populists (Chernyshevsky and Lavrov) influenced by?
*Alexander II

Answer 4

The writings of Karl Marx

Question 5

What movement did the Populists organise from 1873-74?

Answer 5

The ‘Going to the people’ movement

Question 6

What book did Pyotr Lavrov write in 1863, which was Lenin’s favourite book?

Answer 6

‘What is to be done’ - 1863

Question 7

What group was formed in 1876?

Answer 7

Land and liberty

Question 8

What terrorist group formed in 1879?

Answer 8

The People’s Will

Question 9

What was the primary objective of the People’s Will?

Answer 9

To assassinate the tsar

Question 10

How many assassination attempts were there on tsar Alexander II?

Answer 10

5

Question 11

When was Alexander II assassinated?

Answer 11

13th March 1881

Question 12

How many were killed when a bomb exploded in the winter palace in 1880?

Answer 12

11

Question 13

OPPOSITION (POLITICAL PARTIES): ALEXANDER III

Answer 13

OPPOSITION (POLITICAL PARTIES): ALEXANDER III

Question 14

What did Alexander III crack down on?

Answer 14

Revolutionary political parties

Question 15

What was passed in 1881 which gave more power to the Okhrana?

Answer 15

The statute concerning measures for the production of state security and the social order

Question 16

When did the Okhrana disband the People’s Will?

Answer 16

1884

Question 17

Who was executed along with 4 others in May 1887?

Answer 17

Lenin’s brother, Alexander Ulyanov

Question 18

OPPOSITION (POLITICAL PARTIES): NICHOLAS II

Answer 18

OPPOSITION (POLITICAL PARTIES): NICHOLAS II

Question 19

What party, led by Victor Chernov, was formed in 1901?

Answer 19

Socialist Revolutionary Party

Question 20

What did the Socialist Revolutionary Party split into by 1905?

Answer 20

• Radical left wing SRs
• Moderate right wing SRs

Question 21

How many political killings were the socialist revolutionary party responsible for from 1901 to 1905?

Answer 21

2000 political killings

Question 22

What important figure was assassinated by the Socialist Revolutionary Party in February 1905?

Answer 22

Grand Duke Sergei (uncle of Nicholas II)

Question 23

What Marxist party was formed in 1898?

Answer 23

All-Russian Social Democratic Workers’ Party

Question 24

Why did the All-Russian Social Democratic Workers’ Party fail to radicalise many workers?

Answer 24

Few workers had the time or inclination to engage with Marxist theory

Question 25

What did the Liberals during Nicholas II want Russia to be governed similarly to?

Answer 25

Western European democracies such as Britain

Question 26

Who founded the Union of Liberation in 1904 which demanded greater freedoms and justice for all Russians?

Answer 26

Pyotr Struve

Question 27

Who were the intellectual arm of the liberal movement during Nicholas II?

Answer 27

Kadets

Question 28

Who emerged as a more liberal group than the Liberals at the start of the 20th century?

Answer 28

Octobrists

Question 29

When was Nicholas II overthrown?

Answer 29

February 1917

Question 30

OPPOSITION (POLITICAL PARTIES): LENIN

Answer 30

OPPOSITION (POLITICAL PARTIES): LENIN

Question 31

How many votes did the SRs win in the Constituent Assembly elections in November 1917?

Answer 31

17.5 million

Question 32

How many votes did the Bolsheviks win in the Constituent Assembly elections in November 1917?

Answer 32

9.8 million

Question 33

What did the left-wing SRs believe about Lenin?

Answer 33

That he was a traitor to the revolution and a German collaborator

Question 34

When did Lenin ban all political parties except from the communists?

Answer 34

1921

Question 35

Who opposed the Reds in the Russian Civil War?

Answer 35

The Whites - a huge coalition of groups who opposed the Bolsheviks