chapter 1 proteins Flashcards
(12 cards)
What are the two types of amino acids?
Essential and Non-Essential Amino Acids
Name the essential amino acids.
Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, Threonine, Valine
Name the non-essential amino acids.
Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, Cysteine, Glutamic acid, Glutamine, Glycine, Proline, Serine, Tyrosine
What elements make up proteins?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
How many types of amino acids are there?
20 types of amino acids
Why are some amino acids called essential?
The body cannot synthesize them; they must be obtained from the diet
What role do proteins play in the immune system?
Proteins form antibodies that help identify and neutralize foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses
How are proteins involved in enzyme formation?
Proteins are essential for the production of enzymes, which are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body
Why are proteins necessary for repair and growth?
Proteins are necessary for building and repairing tissues, including muscles, skin, and organs
When do proteins serve as an energy source?
Proteins provide energy when carbohydrates and fats are depleted, being broken down into amino acids for energy or converted into glucose
Which animal-based foods are high in protein?
Beef, Chicken, Eggs, Milk
Which plant-based foods are high in protein?
Cashew Nuts, Soya Beans
