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Hart History > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Manifest Destiny?

A

“obvious fate” (divine right) to settle land all the way to the Pacific Ocean in order to spread democracy

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1
Q

How long is the Oregon trail

A

2000 mi

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2
Q

Where does the Oregon trail start and end?

A

Independence Missouri (or Council Bluffs Iowa) to Oregon County

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3
Q

How much did it cost for a family of four to travel the Oregon Trail?

A

$600

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4
Q

Who helped the pioneers on the Oregon Trail in the early days?

A

Native Americans

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5
Q

What shortages were on the Oregon Trail?

A

water, food, & supplies

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6
Q

How long did it take to travel the Oregon Trail?

A

6 months

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7
Q

What was the name of the trail that started from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico

A

Santa Fe Trail

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8
Q

What did the Santa Fe Trail follow?

A

ancient trade route

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9
Q

What did the Santa Fe Trail cross?

A

hot blazing deserts and rough mountains

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10
Q

How profitable was the Santa Fe Trail?

A

Very profitable (one reported 2000% profit)

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11
Q

What were the Mormons persecuted for?

A

polygamy

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12
Q

What did the Mormons want?

A

religious freedom

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13
Q

Where did the Mormons head from to the West?

A

New York

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14
Q

Who was the leader of the Mormons in 1830?

A

Joseph Smith

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15
Q

What church did Joseph Smith find (founded)?

A

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints

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16
Q

Who led Mormons in small groups to Utah for religious freedom?

A

Brigham Young

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17
Q

Where did the Mormon Trail lead to?

A

Utah

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18
Q

Who tried to take a shortcut across the mountains and got stuck in winter storms?

A

The Donner Party

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19
Q

Who (another word for agents) did Mexico hire to bring settlers to Texas?

A

Empresarios

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20
Q

Who was an empresario that started a colony in 1822?

A

Stephen Austin

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21
Q

Where did Stephen Austin start his colony?

A

Colorado River

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22
Q

What were the 1st 300 families called who settled in Austin’s colony?

A

Old Three Hundred

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23
Q

What did the settlers have to do to get free land in Texas?

A

Obey Mexican Laws

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24
What year did Texas ban further settlement?
1830
25
Who was the Mexican leader at the time?
General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
26
When did Texas revolt against Mexico?
1835
27
When did Texas declare independence from Mexico?
March 2, 1836
28
Texas set up a constitution like the ___ but only legalized ________.
US, slavery
29
William Travis led the rebellion and stand at the __________.
Alamo
30
Who joined William Travis' rebellion?
Davey Crockett & Jim Bowie +200 rebels
31
Who led the troops to put down the rebellion at the Alamo?
Santa Anna
32
Santa Anna chased the rebels to the ___ ___________ River.
San Jacinto
33
On April 21, 1836, _______ led a surprise attack.
Houston
34
Santa Anna was captured and forced to sign a treaty giving Texas its _____________ after the Battle of _____________
independence, San Jacinto
35
Who was pres. and secretary of state of Texas?
Sam Houston, Stephen Austin
36
What nation wanted to annex Texas?
US Congress
37
Why did Andrew Jackson not want to annex Texas?
1. thought it would upset the balance of slave & free states 2. didn't want to go to war with Mexico over Texas
38
Who won the election of 1844 and which 2 states did he want to annex?
James K Polk, Oregon & Texas
39
What was the line where America wanted their territory to extend?
Fifty-four Forty
40
When did America & Great Britain sign a treaty regarding borders?
1846
41
When did Texas become a part of US?
December 1845
42
What did Mexico do when Texas was annexed by the US?
They ordered all American settlers to leave CA
43
What territory did Mexico control at that time?
present-day Arizona, Nevada & California
44
Mexico thought the border was at _________, while US thought the border was at _________.
Nueces River, Rio Grande River
45
Polk offered $_________ to buy _________ and California
30 million, New Mexico
46
Bear Flag Revolt: 1. 1846: _______ Americans lived in California 2. Group of Americans seized _____ & declared ________ independence 3. Flag with a ______ 4. ________'s army arrived and took over San _____, LA, & San_____
500, Sonoma, California, bear, Kearney, Diego, Francisco
47
When was the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
1848
48
What did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo do? How much did the US increase in size?
Officially ended the war and forced Mexico to turn over California, Nevada, Utah, and most of Arizona US increased by 25%
49
How much did Mexico get from the US & its claims? What could Mexican citizens keep?
$15 million and $3 in US claims canceled. Mexican Americans could keep their liberty & property.
50
Mexican legal ideas
community water rights & community property
51
How was the water rights issue solved? Who's policy solved it?
Brigham Young's policy of "the good of the community should outweigh the interests of the individual"
52
When was gold found in CA? Who found it? Where did they find it?
1848, John Marshall at John Sutter's Mill
53
What and when was the "gold fever"?
The gold fever was where 80,000 gold seekers who migrated to CA to find gold in 1849.
54
Prospect: _____ Stake a Claim: _____
to search for gold, 1st person to arrive at a site would claim the area and search for gold
55
How much did San Francisco grow as a result of the Gold Rush? CA had such a population boom that it was able to apply for statehood in how many years?
25x, 2 years
56
When did California become a state of the US? CA became the __st state of America.
1850, 31
57
Who made the "real" money during the Gold Rush?
The people who supplied the miners with supplies. Ex. Women operating boarding houses
58
How much % of the US population was Protestant?
91%
59
What were Chinese immigrants known as?
"gam saan Haak" which means travelers to Gold mountain
60
How many Chinese men came to America?
24,000
61
What prejudices did Chinese immigrants face?
1. high monthly taxes 2. targets for violence 3. legal courts favored Americans over them

Hart History (3 decks)

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