Chapter 10

Question 1

the process by which the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances

Answer 1

chemical reaction

Question 2

starting substances

Answer 2

reactants

Question 3

substances formed during the reaction

Answer 3

products

Question 4

a statement that used chemical formulas to show the identities and relative amounts of the substances involved in a chemical equation

Answer 4

chemical equation

Question 5

number written in front of a reactant or product

Answer 5

coefficient

Question 6

a chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to produce a single product

Answer 6

synthesis reaction

Question 7

oxygen combines with a substance and releases energy in the form of heat and light

Answer 7

combustion reaction

Question 8

a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds

Answer 8

decomposition reaction

Question 9

atoms of one element replace the atoms of another element in a compound

Answer 9

single replacement reaction

Question 10

involves an exchange of ions between two compounds

Answer 10

double-replacement reaction

Question 11

a solid produced during a chemical reaction in a solution

Answer 11

precipitate

Question 12

solution contains one or more substances called solutes dissolved in water

Answer 12

solutes

Question 13

most plentiful substance in the solution

Answer 13

solvent

Question 14

solution in which the solvent is water

Answer 14

aqueous solution

Question 15

an ionic equation that shows all of the particles in a solution as they realistically exist

Answer 15

complete ionic equation

Question 16

ions that do not participate in a reaction

Answer 16

spectator ions

Question 17

ionic equations that include only the particles that participate in the reaction

Answer 17

spectator ions

Question 18

a tomato smells rotten

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

a drinking glass breaks into smaller pieces

Answer 19

no

Question 20

a piece of ice melts

Answer 20

no

Question 21

drain cleaner is mixed with water and the solution becomes warm

Answer 21

yes

Question 22

candle was burns

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

molten candle wax solidifies

Answer 23

no

Question 24

green leaves turn yellow and red as the seasons change

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

baking powder produces a gas that makes a cake rise

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

the fuel for the space shuttle is hydrogen, which burns in oxygen to produce water vapor and energy. In this chemical reaction, hydrogen is a ________, oxygen is a ________, and water vapor is a _______

Answer 26

reactant, reactant, product

Question 27

in a chemical equation for this reaction, a _____ is used to separate hydrogen and oxygen from water vapor and energy.

Answer 27

arrow

Question 28

a _________ is used to separate the symbols for hydrogen and oxygen.

Answer 28

plus sign

Question 29

a _ symbol is used to tell the state of hydrogen in the reaction, a _ symbol is used for the state of oxygen, and a _ symbol is used for the state of water vapor

Answer 29

g, g, g

Question 30

Q + XZ ---> X + QZ

Answer 30

single-replacement

Question 31

Q + Z ---> QZ

Answer 31

synthesis

Question 32

QT ---> Q + T

Answer 32

decomposition

Question 33

QT + XZ ---> QZ + XT

Answer 33

double-replacement

Question 34

aluminum lawn furniture becomes coated with a layer of aluminum oxide when it sits out in the air

Answer 34

synthesis

Question 35

chlorine gas is bubbled through a calcium bromide solution. The solution turns brown, the color of bromine

Answer 35

single-replacement

Question 36

lime is added to acid water in a lake. Water and a salt form.

Answer 36

double-replacement

Question 37

propane is a common household fuel. When burned, water and carbon dioxide are produced.

Answer 37

combustion

Question 38

steel wool burns, forming an iron oxide

Answer 38

combustion and synthesis

Question 39

when an electric current is passed through molten potassium bromide, potassium and bromine form

Answer 39

decomposition

Question 40

when solutions of sodium iodide and lead nitrate are combined, a yellow solid forms

Answer 40

double-replacement

Question 41

a spoonful of sodium chloride is dissolved in a liter of water. What is sodium chloride in this solution?

Answer 41

solute

Question 42

in an aqueous solution, water is the

Answer 42

solvent

Question 43

compounds that produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solutions are

Answer 43

acids

Question 44

what type of reaction occurs between ions present in aqueous solution?

Answer 44

double-replacement

Question 45

what type of ions are present in solution but are not actually involved in a chemical reaction?

Answer 45

spectator

Question 46

if hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide react, what is the product of the net ionic equation for the reaction?

Answer 46

water

Question 47

which of the following gases is not commonly produced in a double-replacement reaction?

Answer 47

sulfur dioxide

Question 48

H+ (aq) + Br-(ag) + K+ (ag) + OH- (aq) ---> H2O(l) + Br- (aq) + K+(aq) is an example of what type of chemical equation?

Answer 48

complete ionic