Chapter 7 Flashcards
(41 cards)
metals have these properties:
luster, malleable, ductile, reflect heat, light, conduct heat and electricity
metals ____ electrons, most active metals have _____ valence electrons, and are found in groups ___, also called the _ block
lose, few, 1-2, s
nonmetals in general are
gases, brittle, dull looking solids
nonmetals ____ electrons
gain
most active nonmetals have ____ valence electrons, found in groups _____, which are in the _ block
many, 16-17, p
kind of element in between metal and nonmetal
metalloids
two or more forms of an element in the same phase, having different structures are called, with two examples
allotropes, graphite and diamond
the only liquid at room temperature
mercury
only liquid at room temperature
bromine
most abundant element in earth’s crust; second and third are. Most abundant in earth’s core are
oxygen, silicon, aluminum. Iron and nickel
most abundant element in the universe
hydrogen
most abundant gas in atmosphere, second and third
nitrogen, oxygen, argon
hydrogen _____ electrons most of the time, acting much like a _____. When this happens, hydrogen gets a ______ charge. With very active metals, hydrogen acts like a ________ and _____ an electron. Its charge is ________.
loses,metal,positive,nonmetal,gains,negative
3 metals forming permanent magnets
iron, cobalt, and nickel
hard water contains __,__,__ ions, which make it difficult to use soaps for cleaning
Fe, Ca, Mg
as ionization energies increase, metals get ____ reactive. As their ionization energies increase, nonmetals get ____ reactive. This can be explained
less, more. Need more energy to react
explain why transition metals’ compounds often are colored
orbitals have different energy in a compound, gives off colors in energy transfer
relationship between number of unpaired electrons and the hardness of a transition metal
more unpaired electrons, more hardness increases. d-block
most reactive metal
francium
most reactive nonmetal
fluorine
most reactive element is
fluorine
fluorine reacts with all other elements except
top 3 noble gases: He, Ne, Ar
family containing elements in all three phases at room temperature
group 17 the halogens
nonsparking tools
beryllium
