Chapter 10

Question 1

More than half of all antibiotics and semisynthetic drugs come from which of the following genera:

Answer 1

Streptomyces

Question 2

Which of the following is the result of the action of cell wall inhibiting drugs?

Answer 2

Cells become more susceptible to osmotic pressure.

Question 3

B-lactam antibiotics have an effect on which of the following types of cells?

Answer 3

bacterial cells

Question 4

Semisynthetic drugs represent all of the following improvements except:

Answer 4

they work faster

Question 5

Which of the following is a drug that specifically targets cell walls that contain arabinogalactan-mycolic acid?

Answer 5

Isoniazid

Question 6

All of the following drugs affect the proper function of the ribosome expcept

Answer 6

polymyxin

Question 7

All of the following are targets of drugs that inhibit protein synthesis except:

Answer 7

Interference with alanine-alanine bridges.

Question 8

The scientist who coined the term “antibiotic” was

Answer 8

Fleming.

Question 9

The most limited group of antimicrobial agents is the Blank drugs.

Answer 9

antiviral

Question 10

Another term for the kirby-bauer test is the

Answer 10

diffusion susceptibility test

Question 11

Which of the following is not true of inhibition?

Answer 11

The larger the zone the more resistant the organism is

Question 12

Which of the following groups of drugs can become incorporated into the bones and teeth of a fetus

Answer 12

tetracyclines

Question 13

All of the following are potentially serious side effects associated with, or caused by, antimicrobial drugs except

Answer 13

Blach hairy tongue

Question 14

All of the following statements concerining development of antibiotic resistance are true except

Answer 14

resistant cells grow more efficiently and quickly that susceptible cells

Question 15

B-lactamase production is an example of which of the following type of resistance

Answer 15

inactivation of the drug

Question 16

proboicts

Answer 16

A,B, and C are correct

Question 17

Most drugs that inhibit the synthesis of the cell wall act by

Answer 17

preventing the cross-linkage of NAM subunits

Question 18

the type of atimicrobial drug that would be least toxic to humans is a drug that

Answer 18

inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall

Question 19

Which of the following wok by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis?

Answer 19

Bothe A and B are correct

Question 20

Sufonamides

Answer 20

A, B, and C are correct

Question 21

Which of the following pathways is specifically inhibited by sulfonamides?

Answer 21

The conversion of PABA to dihydrofolic acid

Question 22

Which of the following drugs inhibits nucleic acid synthesis specifically in prokaryotes?

Answer 22

quinolones

Question 23

The cooperative activity of drugs such as B-lactam antibiotics and clavulanic acid, a B-lactamase

Answer 23

synergism

Question 24

Alterations in the structure of which of the following are an important aspect of gram-negative bacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs?

Answer 24

porins

Question 25

It is inappropriate to prescribe antibacterial agents to treat colds or flu because

Answer 25

these diseases are caused by viruses

Question 26

Put the following events in order, from earliest to latest:

Answer 26

I, III, IV, II

Question 27

Which of the following is/are true of selective toxicity

Answer 27

Both A and C are correct

Question 28

All of the following are possible consequences of inappropriate antibiotic therapy except:

Answer 28

increased microbial antagonism

Question 29

The E test determines which of the following

Answer 29

Both A and C are correct

Question 30

All of the following are criteria by which all antimicrobial agents can be evaluated except:

Answer 30

their activity against cell walls

Question 31

All of the following are examples of B-lactam drugs except:

Answer 31

Vancomycin

Question 32

All of the following types of drugs are examples of antimetabolic agents except

Answer 32

chemicals that inhibit DNA gyrase

Question 33

Which of the following is a measurement associated with the broth dilution that?

Answer 33

lack of turbidity

Question 34

An infection, of which of the following organs would be harder to treat with antimicrobial drugs?

Answer 34

Brain

Question 35

Disruption of the normal microbiota can result in infections caused by which of the follwoing microbes?

Answer 35

Both B and C are correct

Question 36

Any drug that acts against a disease is called an blank agent

Answer 36

Chemotherapeutic

Question 37

Blank means that a given antimicrobial agent is more toxic to a pathogen that to the host being treated.

Answer 37

Selective toxicity

Question 38

Antimicrobial agents that mimic the chemical structure of DNA building blocks are called

Answer 38

Nucleotide analogs

Question 39

A blank drug is effective against a wide variety of pathogens

Answer 39

broad-spectrum

Question 40

Blank are serious secondary infections that result from the killing of the normal microbiota

Answer 40

Super infections

Question 41

Competition between beneficial microbes and potential pathogens is called blank

Answer 41

Microbial antagonism

Question 42

An blank concentration of a drug is one at which microbes survive, but are not able to grow and reproduce.

Answer 42

bacteriostatic

Question 43

Internal infections can be treated by drugs that are administered orally, intravenously, or blank

Answer 43

intra musculary

Question 44

Some bacteria develop resistance to groups of drugs because the drugs are all structurally similar to each other: this is a phenomenon known as blank?

Answer 44

cross resistance

Question 45

Blank drugs are semisynthetic drugs developed to combat resistance against an existing drug.

Answer 45

second-generation

Question 46

Drugs that slow down bacterial growth would be blank to penicillin.

Answer 46

antagonistic

Question 47

External infections can be treated by blank administration, in which a drug is applied directly to the site of infection.

Answer 47

topical/local

Question 48

The abbreviation blank stands for the smallest amount of a drug that will inhibit the growth and reproduction of a pathogen.

Answer 48

MIC

Question 49

Sulfonamides are an example of a type of antimicrobial drug know as a blank because they inhibit certain chemical reactions within bacterial cells.

Answer 49

antimetabolic agent

Question 50

Parziquantel alters the cell membrane permeability of blank

Answer 50

parasitic worms

Question 51

All antimicrobials are chemotherapeutic agents, but not all chemotherapeutic agents are intimicroials

Answer 51

TRUE

Question 52

Antisense nucleic acids are designed to has no side effects against humans.

Answer 52

TRUE

Question 53

B-lactam drugs act by inhibiting formation of the cell membrane.

Answer 53

FALSE

Question 54

Because all cells engage in protein synthesis, there are few antimicrobial drugs that selectively inhibit this process.

Answer 54

FALSE

Question 55

Many antimicrobial drugs that affect the cell membrane are used only externally because they can be toxic to humans.

Answer 55

TRUE

Question 56

Drugs that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis include quinolones, refampin, and actinomycin.

Answer 56

TRUE

Question 57

the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria enables many antimicrobial drugs to enter the cell more easily

Answer 57

FALSE

Question 58

if a subculture of an MIC test grows in an MBC test, the concentration of the drug was bactericidal

Answer 58

FALSE

Question 59

Brain and spinal cord infections are difficult to treat because most antimicrobial drugs cannot diffuse out of the blood into these organs

Answer 59

TRUE

Question 60

Organs that are commonly affected by drug toxicity include the kidneys and the liver

Answer 60

TRUE