Chapter 10

Question 1

mesodermal swellings in the anterior wall of the foregut within the 4 week old embryo&raquo_space;> give rise to cartilages, bones and muscles of the head, face and neck (slide 2)

Answer 1

pharyngeal arches

Question 2

external indentations between arches

Answer 2

pharyngeal grooves (or clefts)

Question 3

internal indentations between arches

Answer 3

pharyngeal pouches

Question 4

1st pharyngeal arch gives rise too?

Answer 4

CN V

Question 5

2nd pharyngeal arch gives rise too?

Answer 5

CN VII

Question 6

3rd pharyngeal arch gives rise too?

Answer 6

CN IX

Question 7

4th pharyngeal arch

gives rise too?

Answer 7

superior laryngeal nerve (branch of CN X)

Question 8

5th pharyngeal arch gives rise too?

Answer 8

degenerates soon after forming

Question 9

6th pharyngeal arch gives rise too?

Answer 9

recurrent branch of CN X

Question 10

what does the 1st pharyngeal pouch give rise too?

Answer 10

gives rise to the auditory tube, tubal tonsil and middle ear cavity

Question 11

what does the 2nd pharyngeal pouch give rise too?

Answer 11

palatine, lingual, and pharyngeal tonsils

Question 12

what does the 3rd pharyngeal pouch give rise too?

Answer 12

thymus and inferior parathyroid glands

Question 13

what does the 4th pharyngeal pouch give rise too?

Answer 13

superior parathyroid and the parafollicular cells

Question 14

what cranial nerve innervates the lateral lingual swelling?

Answer 14

CN V

Question 15

what cranial nerve innervates the hypobranchial eminence?

Answer 15

CN IX

Question 16

what cranial nerves innervate the tongue? (remember there is the anterior and posterior portion)

what about the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles?

Answer 16

anterior 2/3

general sensation from CN V

taste from CN VII
________

posterior 1/3 of tongue – both taste and general sensory from CN IX

CN XII

Question 17

duct can persist and form a cyst in the tongue or anterior portion of the neck&raquo_space; may perforate the skin after an infection to become a thyroglossal duct sinus

Answer 17

thyroglossal duct cysts

Question 18

gives rise primarily to muscles of mastication

cartilage gives rise to malleus and incus

Answer 18

1st pharyngeal arch

Question 19

autosomal dominant disorders that involve the 1st pharyngeal arch

Answer 19

Treacher-Collins and Pierre-Robin syndromes

Question 20

gives rise primarily to muscles of facial expression and buccinators

cartilage gives rise to stapes, styloid process and portion of hyoid

Answer 20

2nd pharyngeal arch

Question 21

gives rise to stylopharyngeus

cartilage gives rise to portion of hyoid

Answer 21

3rd pharyngeal arch

Question 22

gives rise to pharyngeal muscles and cricothyroid

cartilage gives rise to thyroid and cricoid cartilages

Answer 22

4th pharyngeal arch

Question 23

gives rise to intrinsic laryngeal muscles and striated muscle of the esophagus

Answer 23

6th pharyngeal arch

Question 24

cleft gives rise to external auditory meatus

Answer 24

1st pharyngeal cleft

Question 25

arch obliterates other pharyngeal clefts

Answer 25

rapid growth of 2nd pharyngeal arch

Question 26

birth defects from persistent pharyngeal clefts

Answer 26

branchial sinus, branchial cyst and branchial fistula

Question 27

what are the three lingual swellings in the development of the tongue?

Answer 27

lateral lingual swelling

hypobranchial eminence

Question 28

what do the thyroid glands develop from?

Answer 28

from the foramen caecum