chapter 13 terms

Question 1

portion of urogenital ridge that gives rise to urinary system

Answer 1

nephrogenic cord

Question 2

three sets successively formed

Answer 2

development of the kidneys

Question 3

transitory non-functional cell clusters and tubular structures that form in the cervical region and empty into cloaca

Answer 3

pronephros (early 4th week)

Question 4

interim kidneys that function for approximately four weeks

Answer 4

mesonephros (late 4th week)

Question 5

begin to form late in 5th week and functional in 9th week even though development is not complete

Answer 5

metanephros

Question 6

gives rise to ureter, renal pelvis, calices and collecting tubules

Answer 6

metanephric diverticulum

Question 7

gives rise to remaining structures of kidneys

Answer 7

metanephric mass of intermediate mesoderm

Question 8

component of urogenital sinus that gives rise to the bulk of the bladder

Answer 8

vesicle part

Question 9

component of urogenital sinus that gives rise to part of the bladder, prostatic urethra in males and entire urethra in females

Answer 9

pelvic part

Question 10

small cysts found in approximately 1/3 of individuals&raquo_space; only symptomatic if infected

Answer 10

urachal cysts

Question 11

superior or inferior portion of urachus remains patent, opening at either umbilicus or bladder respectively

Answer 11

urachal sinus

Question 12

rare condition in which entire urachus remains patent&raquo_space; provides mechanism for urine to escape through umbilicus

Answer 12

urachal fistula

Question 13

potential to develop into male reproductive organs

Answer 13

Wolffian (mesonephric) ducts

Question 14

potential to develop into female reproductive organs and will degenerate in males

Answer 14

Mullerian (paramesonephric) ducts

Question 15

process by which most follicles degenerate

Answer 15

atresia

Question 16

stimulated by testis determining factor (TDF) whose gene is located on the sex-determining region of the Y (SRY) chromosome

Answer 16

testes

Question 17

development of male genital ducts and associated glands

Answer 17

hCG stimulates production of androgens

Question 18

degeneration of the paramesonephric ducts

Answer 18

Sertoli cells produce mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS)

Question 19

portion of the paramesonephric duct in the female develop into oviducts

Answer 19

cranial end

Question 20

portion of the paramesonephric duct where the left and right ducts fuse to form uterus and vagina

Answer 20

caudal end

Question 21

portion of the paramesonephric duct that develops from tissue derived from wall of urogenital sinus

Answer 21

caudal portion of the vagina

Question 22

provides path for testes to descend through abdominal wall

develops in both genders

Answer 22

inguinal canal

Question 23

ligamentous remnant of mesonephros&raquo_space; forms path for descent

Answer 23

gubernaculum

Question 24

evagination of peritoneum through abdominal wall that develops into inguinal canal

Answer 24

vaginal process

Question 25

failure of testis to descend through abdominal wall

Answer 25

cryptorchidism

Question 26

testes pass through inguinal canal, but do not migrate into scrotum

Answer 26

ectopic testes

Question 27

in the females, genital tubercle develops into?

Answer 27

clitoris

Question 28

in the females, the urogenital folds develop into the?

Answer 28

labia minora

Question 29

in the females, the labiosacral swellings develop into the?

Answer 29

labia majora

Question 30

in the males, the genital tubercle develops into the?

Answer 30

glans penis

Question 31

in the males, the urogenital folds fuse and develop into the?

Answer 31

shaft of the penis

Question 32

in the males, the labiosacral swellings enlarge and fuse to form the?

Answer 32

scrotum

Question 33

urethral orifice located along the ventral surface of the penis

Answer 33

hypospadias

Question 34

female fetus produces excessive amounts of androgens (most commonly due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia) causing masculinization to external genitalia

partial fusion of labia majora to resemble scrotum

enlargement of clitoris to resemble penis

Answer 34

female pseudohermaphroditism