Chapter 10 Flashcards
(104 cards)
1
Q
leiomy/o
A
smooth muscle
2
Q
leiomyoma
A
tumor of smooth muscle
3
Q
rhabd/o
A
rod-shaped
4
Q
rhabdomy/o
A
rod-shaped (striated) muscle
5
Q
brachialgia
A
arm pain
6
Q
carpoptosis
A
wrist drop
7
Q
cephalad
A
toward head
8
Q
cervicodynia
A
neck pain
9
Q
costectomy
A
excision/ removal of ribs
10
Q
craniotomy
A
incision in skull
11
Q
dactylo
A
fingers and toes
12
Q
dactylitis
A
inflammation of finger and toe joints
13
Q
metacarpectomy
A
excision/removal of metacarpal
14
Q
phalangectomy
A
excision/removal of phalange
15
Q
spondylo
A
vertebrae
16
Q
spondylitis
A
inflammation of vertebrae
17
Q
calcaneodynina
A
heel pain
18
Q
ischiodynina
A
pain in pelvis
19
Q
metatarsalgia
A
pain in metatarsals
20
Q
patellectomy
A
excision/ removal of patella
21
Q
ankyl/o
A
stiffness; bent; crooked
22
Q
ankylosis
A
joint stiffness
23
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
24
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
25
fibr/o
fiber, fiberous tissue
26
kyph/o
humpback
27
kyphosis
condition causing humpback
28
lamin/o
lamina (part of vertebral arch)
29
laminectomy
removal of the lamina to relieve compression of spinal cord or to remove a lesion or herniated disk
30
lord/o
curve
31
lordosis
abnormal curve
32
myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
33
orth/o
straight
34
orthopedist
treats skeletal deformities in children and straightened bones
35
ped/o
foot; child
36
pedograph
produces imprint of the foot
37
scoli/o
crooked/bent
38
-osis
abnormal condition; increase (primarily with blood cells)
39
synov/o
synovial membrane; synovial fluid
40
ten/o
tendon
41
tend/o
tendon
42
tenodesis
binding, fixation of a tendon
43
tendin/o
tendon
44
-asthenia
weakness, disability
45
myasthenia
muscle weakness
46
-clasia
to break; surgical fracture
47
osteoclasia
intentional fracture of a bone to correct deformity
48
-clast
to break; surgical fracture
49
-desis
binding; fixation
50
-malacia
softening
51
chondromalacia
softening of cartilage
52
-porosis
porous
53
-sarcoma
malignant tumor of connective tissue
54
chondrosarcoma
malignant tumor of cartilage
55
a-
without, not
56
-trophy
development; nourishment
57
atrophy
wasting or decrease in size or physiological activity of a part of the body
58
dys-
bad; painful; difficult
59
syn-
union, together, joined
60
syndactylism
fusion of two or more fingers or toes
61
carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
from compression of median nerve within the carpal tunnel canal
62
claudication
limping
63
contracture
fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, muscle or joint capsule
64
crepitation
dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction
65
ganglion cyst
fluid filled tumor that commonly develops along tendons or a joint or wrists or hands but also may appear in the feet
66
gout
joint inflammation caused by uric acid crystal deposits in the joint space
67
herniated disk
rupture of the nucleus pulposus through its outer edge; aka slipped disk
68
hypotonia
loss of muscle tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching
69
myasthenia gravis
chronic progressive disorder characterized by muscle weakness and droopiness, especially in the eyes, face, throat, and limbs
70
osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone and bone marrow and the soft tissue that surrounds the bone
71
Paget disease
chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones that can occur in any bone but most commonly affects the long bones of the legs, the lower spine, the pelvis, and the skull
72
rickets
form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called rachitis
73
scoliosis
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine either to the right or left; also called "c-shaped curvature"
74
kyphosis
abnormal curvature in upper part of the spine; also called "humpback or hunchback"
75
lordosis
abnormal inward curvature of portion of lower part of the spine; also known as "swayback"
76
spondylolisthesis
any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it
77
spondylosis
degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues
78
-listhesis
slipping
79
sprain and strain
overstretching or tearing of ligaments (sprain) or muscle or tendon (strain)
80
subluxation
partial or incomplete dislocation of one or more vertebrae
81
talipes equinovarus
congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side; also called "clutch foot"
82
arthrography
series of radiographs taken after injection of contrast material into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder, to outline the contour of the joint
83
bone density test (bone densitometry)
noninvasive procedure that uses low-energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density (BMD) usually measures bones of the spine, hip, and forearm; also known as "dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry"
84
discography
radiological examination of the intervertebral disk structures with injection of a contrast medium
85
lumbosacral spinal radiography
radiography of the five lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae, including anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique views of the lower spine
86
myelography
radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral discs, or other lesions
87
bone scintigraphy
nuclear medicine procedure that involves intravenous injection of a radionuclide taken up into the bone
88
arthrocentesis
puncture of a joint space using a needle to remove accumulated fluid or inject medications
89
arthroclasia
surgical breaking of an ankylosed joint to provide movement
90
arthroscopy
visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structures using a thin, flexible fiberoptic scope called an arthroscope
91
bone grafting
implantation or transplant of bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as replacement for damaged missing bone tissue
92
bursectomy
excision of a bursa
93
laminectomy
excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra
94
sequestrectomy
excision of a sequestrum (segment of necrotized bone)
95
total hip replacement (THR)
surgical procedure to replace a hip joint damaged by a degenerative disease, commonly arthritis
96
traction
set mechanisms for straightening broken bones or reliving pressure on the spine and skeletal system
97
bone resorption inhibitors
prevent bone loss and strengthen bone affected by osteoporosis by inhibiting bone resorption and prevent fractures associated with osteoporosis
98
calcium supplements
treat and prevent hypocalcemia; help prevent osteoporosis
99
DMARDs
disease modifying antirheumatic drugs
100
disease modifying antifheumatic drugs
slow progression of joint destruction in arthritis by inhibiting a substance that triggers inflammation
101
muscle relaxants
relieve muscle spasms and stiffness
102
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
decrease pain and suppress inflammation NSAIDs help treat acute musculoskeletal conditions and inflammatory disorders
103
salicylates
relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation
-anti-inflammatory and alleviate pain
104
vitamin D analogs
fat-soluble vitamins that facilitate the absorption and utilization of calcium to improve bone strength and structure
