Chapter 8

Question 1

anneurysmorraphy

Answer 1

suture of an aneurysm

Question 2

arteriorrhexis

Answer 2

rupture of an artery

Question 3

atri/o

Answer 3

atrium

Question 4

atriomegaly

Answer 4

enlargement of the atrium

Question 5

atheroma

Answer 5

fatty plaque deposit

Question 6

coron/o

Answer 6

heart

Question 7

embol/o

Answer 7

embolus (plug)

Question 8

hemangi/o

Answer 8

blood vessel

Question 9

hemangioma

Answer 9

“strawberry marks” - benign tumors of cells that line the blood vessels

Question 10

phleb/o

Answer 10

vein

Question 11

phlebectasis

Answer 11

dilation/expansion of a vein

Question 12

venostasis

Answer 12

abnormally slow venous blood flow –> can lead to clot formation

Question 13

arteriorsclerosis

Answer 13

abnormal hardening of the arteries

Question 14

septostomy

Answer 14

procedure to make an incision in the septum of the heart

Question 15

sphygm/o

Answer 15

pulse

Question 16

thromb/o

Answer 16

thrombus (bloodclot)

Question 17

valv/o

Answer 17

valve

Question 18

valvotomy

Answer 18

incision to a valve

Question 19

aneurysm

Answer 19

ballooning of a vessel, usually arterial

Question 20

heart block

Answer 20

interference with the normal transmission of electrical impulses from the SA node to Purkinje fibers

Question 21

bradycardia

Answer 21

< 60 bpm

Question 22

tachycardia

Answer 22

> 200 bpm

Question 23

bruit

Answer 23

“murmur” - heart when blood passes by an obstruction

Question 24

coarctation

Answer 24

narrowing of a vessel, usually the aorta

Question 25

embolism

Answer 25

intravascular mass that dislodges from one part of the body and travels to another part of the body and causes a blockage

Question 26

MVP

Answer 26

mitral valve prolapse

Question 27

PAD

Answer 27

peripheral artery disease = reduced blood flow to the extremities, especially the legs

Question 28

phelbitis

Answer 28

inflammation of the veins

Question 29

RHD

Answer 29

rheumatic heart disease

Question 30

thrombosis

Answer 30

when a blood clot forms and causes an obstruction at the site of its formation

Question 31

EKG, ECG

Answer 31

electrocardiography

Question 32

cardiac biomarkers

Answer 32

blood test that measures the presence and amount of substances released by the heart when it is damaged or under stress

Question 33

doppler US

Answer 33

ultrasound that measures the speed and direction of blood flow by bouncing soundwaves off RBCs

Question 34

carotid artery US

Answer 34

carotid artery ultrasound

Question 35

MPI

Answer 35

myocardial perfusion imaging

Question 36

SPECT

Answer 36

single photon emsision computed tomography

Question 37

MRA

Answer 37

magnetic resonance angiography

Question 38

MUGA

Answer 38

multiple gated acquisition scan = uses radioactive tracers to detect and calculate ejection fraction rate

Question 39

PTCA

Answer 39

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty = balloon inserted through femoral artery

Question 40

CABG

Answer 40

coronary artery bypass graft

Question 41

ICD

Answer 41

implantable cardioverter defibrillator =

Question 42

cardioversion

Answer 42

defibrillation techniques using low energy shocks to reset the heart's rhythm back to a normal pattern

Question 43

ACE inhibitors

Answer 43

"angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor" = lowers BP by inhibiting conversion of AG I >> AG II

Question 44

ARBs

Answer 44

"angiotensin II receptor blocker" = lowers BP by blocking Ag II enzyme from causing vasoconstriction

Question 45

Beta blockers

Answer 45

decreased heart rate by block effect of adrenaline which slows nerve pulses through the heart

Question 46

calcium channel blockers

Answer 46

lowers BP by block movement of calcium into heart cells ((remember calcium necessary for muscle contraction)

Question 47

nitrates

Answer 47

increase O2 in heart by dilating blood vessels

Question 48

statins

Answer 48

lower cholesterol in blood and reduce its production in the liver