Chapter 7 Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
nasal
A
pertaining to the nose
2
Q
rhinoplasty
A
surgical repair of the nose
3
Q
septoplasty
A
surgical repair of the septum
4
Q
sinusotomy
A
incision in the sinus
5
Q
adenoidectomy
A
removal of the adenoids
6
Q
epiglottitis
A
inflammation of the epiglottis
7
Q
laryngoplegia
A
paralysis of the larynx
8
Q
tracheoplasty
A
surgical repair of the trachea
9
Q
bronchiectasis
A
dilation/expansion of the lung
10
Q
bronchiol/o
A
bronchiole
11
Q
bronchiolitis
A
inflammation of the bronchiole
12
Q
pleur/o
A
pleura
13
Q
pneumolith
A
stone in lung
14
Q
anthrac/o
A
coal/ coal dust
15
Q
anthracosis
A
abnormal condition found in coal miners and those associated with the coal industry
16
Q
atel/o
A
incomplete; imperfect
17
Q
atelectasis
A
incomplete dilation
18
Q
coni/o
A
dust
19
Q
pneumoconiosis
A
abnormal condition caused by mineral dusts
20
Q
lobectomy
A
excision of lobe
21
Q
orthopenea
A
discomfort in breathing that is relieved by sitting or standing in an erect position
22
Q
pector/o
A
chest
23
Q
pectoralgia
A
chest pain
24
Q
phren/o
A
diaphragm; mind
25
spir/o
breathe
26
spirometer
instrument for measuring breathing
27
-capnia
carbon dioxide
28
hypercapnia
excessive carbon dioxide
29
-osmia
smell
30
anosmia
without smell
31
-phonia
voice
32
dysphonia
voice dysfunction
33
-pnea
breathing
34
apnea
no breathing
35
-ptysis
spitting
36
hemoptysis
spitting blood
37
brady-
slow
38
dys-
bad; painful; difficult
39
eu-
good, normal
40
eupenea
good breathing
41
tachy-
rapid
42
tachypenia
rapid breathing
43
crackle
also called rale; intermittent sounds caused when air or moisture enters the alveoli
44
rhonchus
continuous sound heard during inspiration and expiration caused by secretions in the larger airways and commonly resembling snoring
45
stridor
high-pitched, harsh sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstructions in the upper airway
46
wheeze
whistling or sighing that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway
47
acidosis
excessive acidity of body fluids
48
anosmia
absence of the sense of smell
49
central sleep apnea (CSA)
a form of sleep apnea that occurs when the brain fails to stimulate breathing muscles, causing brief pauses in breathing
50
obstructive (OSA)
most common form of sleep apnea caused by an upper airway blockage that prevents an adequate flow of air to the lungs
51
mixed sleep apnea
occurs when central sleep apnea and obstructive sleep apnea occur simultaneously
52
atelectasis
collapsed or airless state of the lung which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of a lung
53
coryza
acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose (rhinitis)
54
croup
common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchial passages and sometimes involving the lungs
55
epistaxis
nasal hemorrhage
56
hypoxemia
oxygen deficiency in arterial blood
57
hypoxia
oxygen deficiency inn the body or a region of the body
58
pertussis
acute infefctious disease characterized by a cough that has a characteristic "whoop" sound; also called whooping cough
59
pleural effusion
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity that impairs breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs
60
empyema
exudative effusion characterized by collection of pus in the pleural cavity
61
pneumothorax
presence of air in the pleural cavity, commonly caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury as the result of a thoracic surgery
62
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis
63
pulmonary edema
accumulation of cardiovascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure
64
pulmonary embolism
blockage in an artery in the lung which traveled from another part of the body
65
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant < 12 months old aka "crib death"
66
tuberculosis (TB)
potentially fatal contagious disease spread through respiratory droplets
67
Mantoux test
TB screening test -- injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) is placed just beneath the surface of the skin to identify previous exposure to TB
68
oximetry
non-invasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin (Hb) saturated with oxygen; also called pulse oximetry
69
polysomnography
test of sleep cycles and stages using EEGs
70
PFTs (just what it stands for)
Pulmonary function tests
71
Pulmonary function test (PFT) -- what is it
series of tests to aid in the diagnosis of lung diseases to evaluate effectiveness of treatments
72
spirometry
PFT that measures how much and how quickly air moves in and out of the lungs
73
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope inserted through mouth and trachea for direct viewing of structures
74
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the larynx
75
mediastinoscopy
visual examination of the mediastinal structures -- heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes
76
ABG -- just the abbreviation
arterial blood gas
77
ABG (arterial blood gas) -- what it mean
test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood
78
sputum culture
microbial tests used to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract
79
sweat test
measurement of the amount of salt (sodium chloride) in sweat
80
throat culture
test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci
81
CXR (what does it stand for?)
Chest x-ray
82
CTPA (what does it stand for?)
computed tomography pulmonary angiography
83
V-Q (what does it stand for?)
ventilation perfusion scan
84
pleurectomy
excision of part of the pleura
85
pneumonectomy
excision of a lung or a portion of the lung
86
septoplasty
surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum
87
thoracentesis
surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity
88
tracheostomy
surgical procedure where opening is made in trachea where a breathing tube is inserted
89
aerosol therapy
lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medicaiton in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways
90
antral lavage
washing or irrigating of the paranasal sinuses to remove mucopurulent material in an immunosuppressed patient or one with known sinusitis that has failed to respond to medical management
91
endotracheal intubation
procedure in which a plastic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway
92
postural drainage
method of positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs to make breathing easier
93
antibiotics - action
destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria
94
antihistamines - action
block histamines from binding with histamine receptor sites in tissues
95
antitussives
relieve or suppress coughing by blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain --- relieve non productive dry coughs
96
bronchodilators
stimulate bronchial muscles to relax, thereby expanding air passages, resulting in increased airflow
97
corticosteroids
act on the immune system by blocking production of substances that trigger allergic and inflammatory actions
98
degongestants
constrict blood vessels of nasal passages and limit blood flow, which causes swollen tissues to shrink so that air can pass more freely through the passageways
99
expectorants
liquify respiratory secretions so that they are more easily dislodged during coughing episodes
100
ABG - abbv.
arterial blood gas
101
AIDS - abbv.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
102
ARDS - abbv.
acute respiratory distress syndrome
103
CF - abbv.
cystic fibrosis
104
CO2 -abbv.
carbon dioxide
105
COPD -abbv.
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
106
CPAP -abbv.
continuous positive airway pressure
107
CT - abbv.
computed tomography
108
CTPA -abbv.
computed tomography pulmonary angiography
109
CXR -abbv.
chest x-ray, chest radiograph
110
DPI -abbv.
dry powder inhaler
111
DPT -abbv.
diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
112
DVT -abbv.
deep vein thrombosis
113
EEG -abbv.
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM
114
Hb, Hgb -abbv.
hemoglobin
115
HMD -abbv.
hyaline membrane disease
116
MDI -abbv.
metered-dose inhaler
117
NMT -abbv.
nebulized mist treatment
118
O2 -abbv.
oxygen
119
OSA -abbv.
obstructive sleep apnea
120
PCO2 -abbv.
partial pressure of carbon dioxide
121
PCP -abbv.
pneumocystis pneumonia; primary care physician
122
PFT -abbv.
pulmonary function test
123
pH -abbv.
degree of acidity or alkalinnity
124
PO2 -abbv.
partial pressure of oxygen
125
PPD -abbv.
purified protein derivate
126
SIDS -abbv.
sudden infant death syndrome
127
SOB -abbv.
shortness of breath
128
TB -abbv.
tuberculosis
129
URI -abbv.
upper respiratory infection
