Chapter 10: Mitosis/Meiosis Flashcards
(15 cards)
The process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells.
Cell Division
The first stage, division of the cell nucleus.
Mitosis
THe second stage, division of the cytoplasm.
Cytokinesis
Each chromosome consists of two of these.
Chromatid
Each pair of chromatids is attached at this area. They are usually located near the middle of the chromatids, although some lie near the ends.
Centromere
An “in-between” period of growth that separates the life of a cell as one cell division after another.
Interphase
The series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. During this, a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells, each of which then begins the cycle again. It consists of four phases.
The Cell Cycle
The first and longest phase of mitosis. The chromosomes become visible.
Prophase
Two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope, separate and take up positions on opposite sides of the nucleus.
Centriole
A fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes.
Spindle
The second phase of mitosis which often lasts only a few minutes. The chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
Metaphase
THe third phase of mitosis where the centromeres that join the sister chromatids split, allowing the sister chromatids to separate and become individual chromosomes.
Anaphase
The fourth and final stage of mitosis where the chromosomes, which were distinct and condensed, being to disperse into a tangle of dense material. A nuclear envelope re-forms around each cluster of chromosomes.
Telophase
When injected into a nondividing cell, it would cause a mitotic spindle to form. It regulates the cell cycle.
Cyclin
A disorder in which some of the body’s own cells lose the ability to control growth.
Cancer
