Chapter 10 Respiration and Artificial Ventilation Flashcards
(26 cards)
alveolar ventilation
the amount of air that reaches the alveoli
artificial ventilation
forcing air or oxygen into the lungs when a patient has stopped breathing or has inadequate breathing.
Also called positive pressure ventilation.
automatic transport ventilator (ATV)
a device that provides
positive pressure ventilations. It includes settings designed to
adjust ventilation rate and volume, is portable, and is easily
carried on an ambulance.
bag-valve mask
a handheld device with a face mask
and self-refilling bag that can be squeezed to provide artificial
ventilations to a patient. It can deliver air from the atmosphere
or oxygen from a supplemental oxygen-supply system
cellular respiration
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and circulating blood.
cyanosis
a blue or gray color resulting from
lack of oxygen in the body.
diffusion
a process by which molecules move from an area of
high concentration to an area of low concentration.
flowmeter
a valve that indicates the flow of oxygen in liters
per minute.
humidifier
a device connected to the flowmeter to add moisture to the dry oxygen coming from an oxygen cylinder.
hypoxia
an insufficiency of oxygen in the
body’s tissues
nasal cannula
a device that delivers
low concentrations of oxygen through two prongs that rest in
the patient’s nostrils.
nonrebreather (NRB) mask
a face mask–and–reservoir
bag device that delivers high concentrations of oxygen.
The patient’s exhaled air escapes through a valve and is not
rebreathed.
oxygen cylinder
a cylinder filled with oxygen under pressure
partial rebreather mask
a face mask and reservoir oxygen
bag with no one-way valve to the reservoir bag, so some exhaled air mixes with the oxygen; used in some patients to help preserve carbon dioxide levels in the blood to stimulate breathing.
pocket face mask
a device, usually with a one-way valve, to aid in artificial ventilation. A rescuer breathes through the valve
when the mask is placed over the patient’s face. It also acts as a
barrier to prevent contact with a patient’s breath or body fluids.
It can be used with supplemental oxygen when fitted with an
oxygen inlet.
positive pressure ventilation
See artificial ventilation
pressure regulator
a device connected to an oxygen cylinder to reduce cylinder pressure so it is safe for delivery of oxygen
to a patient.
pulmonary respiration
the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood in the pulmonary capillaries.
respiration
he diffusion of oxygen and
carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood (pulmonary
respiration) and between the blood and the cells (cellular
respiration). Also used to mean, simply, breathing.
respiratory arrest
when breathing completely stops.
respiratory distress
increased work of breathing; a sensation of shortness of breath.
respiratory failure
the reduction of breathing to the point where oxygen intake is not sufficient to support life.
stoma
a permanent surgical opening in the neck through
which the patient breathes.
tracheostomy mask
a device designed to be placed over a
stoma or tracheostomy tube to provide supplemental oxygen.
