chapter 11

Question 1

Growth and Strength

Answer 1

Full height reached:
Females=16 years
Males=18

Muscle growth and fat accumulation continue into the early 20s.

Death from disease almost never occurs during emerging adulthood.

Question 2

Bodies Designed for Health

Answer 2

By age 20, the immune system is well-developed

Optimal functioning in every body system

Question 3

Fertility

Answer 3

-Sexual reproductive systems is at its optimum level
-Average age for first births in U.S. is 25

Question 4

Exercise

Answer 4

-Reduces blood pressure, strengthens the heart & lungs.
-Makes depression, osteoporosis, heart disease, arthritis and some cancers less likely.
-Those who are not fit during emerging adulthood are 4 times more likely to have diabetes and high blood pressure 15 years later.

Question 5

Eating Well

Answer 5

Body mass index (BMI)
Normal BMI: 20-25

Question 6

Postformal Thought?

Answer 6

-Adult thinking becomes practical, flexible, and dialectical
-Characterized by “problem finding”
-Person is more open with ideas and less concerned with absolute right and wrong

Question 7

Vocational Identity

Answer 7

-Many go to college, as moratorium, and to prepare for a job
-Temporary jobs are part of preparation

Question 8

Personality in Emerging Adulthood

Answer 8

Rising Self-Esteem
-continuity and improvement in attitudes of young adults

Worrisome Children Grow Up
-children with high aggression and those with extreme shyness grew up with little pathology

Plasticity
-open to new experiences which allows personality shifts and eagerness for more education

Question 9

Intimacy

Answer 9

Intimacy versus isolation
-Erikson’s sixth psychosocial stage: emphasizes that humans are social creatures
-Intimacy progresses from attraction to close connection to ongoing commitment

Question 10

Romantic Partners

Answer 10

In U.S., romantic competence is multifaceted.
-Mutual caring, trust, emotional closeness, sensitivity to needs of others
-Faithfulness, loyalty, honesty
-Love “American style” sought in some other countries


Question 11

Romantic Partners

Answer 11

Most emerging adults are postponing, not abandoning, marriage.
-“Hooking up” and “friends with benefits” are becoming more common.
-Marriage still considered crucial by many different couples.

Question 12

Cohabitation

Answer 12

Cohabitation
Living together in a committed sexual relationship
–Not formally married
–Half of all cohabitating couples in the U.S. plan on marrying eventually.
–Views on Cohabitation:

-Part-time or limited cohabitation
-Cohabit permanently, rather than get married
-Step to marriage

Question 13

Delayed Parenting

Answer 13

Timing
-Reasons
—Timing is related to the fact that people are getting married at a later age
—Financial considerations
—Pressure for women to be settled into a career before having children

Effects of delaying the age that you start a family
-Partners have time to adjust to married life, more mature, more stable
-Health risks
-More trouble conceiving without help

Question 14

Advantages of Having Children Early

Answer 14

Parents are likely to have more physical energy

Mother is likely to have fewer medical problems with pregnancy and childbirth

Parents may be less likely to build up expectations for their children

Question 15

Advantages of Having Children Later

Answer 15

Parents will have had more time to consider life goals

Parents will be more mature and will benefit from their life experiences

Parents will be better established in their careers and typically have more income

Question 16

Costs in Raising a Child

Answer 16

The cost of 1 year of childcare for a 4 year old is more than the cost of one year of college tuition