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H EDU 3030 > chapter 11 > Flashcards

chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Albumin/o

A

Protein

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2
Q

Bacteri/o

A

Bacteria

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3
Q

Calc/o

A

Calcium

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4
Q

Corpor /o

A

Body

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5
Q

cutane /o

A

Skin

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6
Q

Cyst/o

A

Bladder

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7
Q

Glomerul/0

A

Glomerulus, little ball

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8
Q

Glycos /o

A

Glucose, sugar

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9
Q

Keton/o

A

Ketone

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10
Q

Lith/0

A

Stone

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11
Q

Meat/o

A

Passage

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12
Q

Nephr/o

A

Kidney

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13
Q

Noct/o

A

Night

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14
Q

Perine/o

A

Perineum

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15
Q

Peritone/o

A

Peritoneum

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16
Q

Py /o

A

Pus

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17
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

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18
Q

Ren/o

A

Kidney

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19
Q

Scler/o

A

Hardening

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20
Q

Son/o

A

Sound

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21
Q

Ur/0

A

Urine, urinate, urination

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22
Q

Ureter/o

A

Ureter

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23
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

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24
Q

Urinat/o

A

Urine

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25
Q

Contin

A

To hold

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26
Q

Excretor

A

Sifted out

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27
Q

Log

A

Study

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28
Q

Strict

A

To draw, to bird

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29
Q

URET

A

Urine

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30
Q

Albuminuria

A

indicates the presence of serum protein in the urine albumin is the major protein in blood plasma when detected in urine it may indicate a leak in the glomerular membrane which allows albumin to enter the renal tubule and pass into the urine

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31
Q

Antidiuretic

A

pertaining to a medication that decreases urine production and secretion

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32
Q

Anuria

A

literally means without the formation of urine lack of urine production

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33
Q

Bacteriuria

A

presence of bacteria in the urine

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34
Q

Calciuria

A

presence of calcium in the urine

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35
Q

Calculus

A

pebble; any abnormal concretion (Stone ) plural calculi

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36
Q

Catheter

A

tube of plastic silicone, rubber, or plastic that is inserted into a body cavity to remove fluid or to inject fluid

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37
Q

Chronic kidney disease (ckd)

A

disease that results from any condition that causes gradual loss of kidney function when the kidneys are damaged and cannot filter blood as well as healthy kidneys waste from the blood remains in the body CKD can lead to kidney failure, diabetes, and high. Blood pressure are the most common causes of CKDC dialysis and renal transplantation for treatment options

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38
Q

Cystectomy

A

surgical excision of the bladder or part of the bladder

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39
Q

Cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder, usually occurring secondarily to ascending urinary tract infections more than 85% of cases of cystitis are caused by escherichia coli, a bacillus found in the lower gastrointestinal tract

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40
Q

cystocele

A

hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina

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41
Q

Cystogram

A

an x-ray record of the bladder

42
Q

Cystolith

A

A bladder stone, a vesicle calculus

43
Q

Cystoscope

A

medical instrument used for visual examination of the bladder

44
Q

Dialysis

A

medical procedure to separate waste material from the blood into meeting fluid electrolyte and acid base balance, and impaired kidney function, or in the absence of a kidney the two main types of dialysis hemodialysis HD and peritoneal dialysis PD remove waste from the blood in different ways

45
Q

Diuresis

A

pathological condition of increased or excessive flow of urine, occurs in conditions, such as diabetes, mellitus and diabetes insipidus diuretics can also produce diuresis

46
Q

Dysuria

A

difficult or painful urination

47
Q

Edema

A

pathological condition in which body tissues contain an accumulation of fluid

48
Q

Enuresis

A

condition of involuntary emission of urine bedwetting

49
Q

Excretory

A

pertaining to the elimination of waste products from the body

50
Q

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ( eswl)

A

process, whereby a medical devices used to crush kidney stones. The patient is usually sedated and a computerized x-ray machine is used to pinpoint the location of the stone within the kidney. A series of shockwaves is administered to the stone, pounding it until it crumbles into small pieces, these pieces are generally flushed out with urine.

51
Q

Glomerular

A

literally means pertaining to the glomerulus a network of blood vessels located within the glomerular capsule that permits a greater surface area for filtration

52
Q

Glomerulitis

A

inflammation of the renal glomeruli

53
Q

glomerulonenephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney involving primarily glomeruli there are three types acute glomerulonenephritis (agn) chronic glomerulonenephritis (cgn) and subacute glomerulonenephritis

54
Q

Glycosuria

A

presence of glucose in the urine

55
Q

Hematuria

A

presence of red blood cells erythrocytes in the urine in microscopic hematuria the urine appears normal to the naked eye, but examination with a microscope shows a high number of RBCs gross hematuria can be seen with the naked eye. The urine is red, or the color of cola if white blood cells are found in addition to red blood cells then it is a sign of urinary tract infection.

56
Q

Hemodialysis (HD)

A

use of an artificial kidney to separate waste from the blood. The blood is circulated through tubes made of semi permeable membranes in these tubes are continually bathe by solutions that remove waste.

57
Q

Hydronephrosis

A

pathological condition in which year and collects in the renal pelvis, because I have an obstructed outflow there by causing distention and damage to the kidney can be caused by renal calculi, tumor, or hyperplasia of the prostate gland

58
Q

Hypercalciuria

A

excessive amount of calcium in the urine

59
Q

Incontinence

A

inability to hold or control, urination or defecation

60
Q

Interstitial cystitis

A

 chronically, irritable and painful inflammation of the bladder wall

61
Q

Ketonuria

A

presence of ketones in the urine, resulting from breakdown of fats, due to faulty or an adequate carbohydrate metabolism. It occurs primarily as a complication of diabetes mellitus, but can occur in dieting and starvation.

62
Q

Lithotripsy

A

crushing of a kidney stone

63
Q

Meatotomy

A

incision of the urinary meatus to enlarge the opening

64
Q

Meatus

A

opening or passage, the external opening of the urethra

65
Q

Nephrectomy

A

surgical excision of a kidney

66
Q

Nephritis

A

inflammation of the kidneys

67
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

commonly called kidney stones. Usually deposits of mineral salts called calculi in the kidney. The stones can pass in to the ureter, irritate kidney tissue and block. Urine flow, kidney stones occur when the year and has high level of minerals usually calcium that forms stones

68
Q

Nephrology

A

literally means study of the kidney study of kidney function, as well as diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases

69
Q

Nephroma

A

kidney tumor

70
Q

Nephron

A

Basic structural and functional unit of the kidney

71
Q

Nephropathy

A

pathological disease of the kidney

72
Q

Nephrosclerosis

A

condition of hardening of the kidney

73
Q

nocturia

A

urination during the night

74
Q

Oliguria

A

scanty, decreased amount of urine. The decreased production of urine may be a sign of dehydration, renal failure, hypovolemic shock, multiple organ dysfunction, syndrome, or urinary obstruction/urinary retention. It can be contrasted with anuria, which represents a more complete suppression of urination.

75
Q

percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy (PUL)

A

Crushing of a kidney stone using ultrasound this is an invasive surgical procedure performed using a nephroscope

76
Q

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)

A

separation of waste from the blood by using a peritoneal catheter in dialysis fluid, is introduced into the peritoneal cavity and waste from the blood pass in to the fluid. The fluid and waste are then removed from the body types of peritoneal dialysis are IPD intermittent and CAPD continuous ambulatory

77
Q

Periurethral

A

literally means pertaining to around the urethra, the immediate area surrounding the urethra

78
Q

Polyuria

A

literally means much urine frequent urination occurs in diabetes mellitus chronic nephritis and nephrosclerosis can be induced with diuretics and following excessive intake of liquids

79
Q

pyelitis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis

80
Q

Pyelolithotomy

A

surgical incision into the renal pelvis for removal of a stone

81
Q

Pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis. It is usually caused by bacteria entering the kidneys from the bladder. escherichia coli is a bacillus that is normally found in the large intestine. These infections usually spread from the lower urinary tract, the other urethra to the ureters, and then into the renal pelvis.

82
Q

Pyuria

A

pass or white blood cells in the urine caused by infection, most commonly bacterial or response to an inflammatory process in the body

83
Q

Renal

A

pertaining to the kidney

84
Q

Renal colic

A

Sharp, severe pain in the lower back over the kidney radiating forward into the groin. It usually accompanies forcible dilation of a ureter, followed by a spasm as a stone is lodged, or passed through it.

85
Q

Renal failure

A

pathological failure of the kidney to function, also referred to as kidney failure

86
Q

Renal transplantation

A

The organ transplant of a healthy donor kidney into a patient with end-stage renal disease the transfer the kidney takes over the work of the two kidneys that failed so dialysis is no longer needed also called kidney transplantation

87
Q

Renin

A

an enzyme produced by the kidneys, that stimulates vasoconstriction and secretion of aldosterone the blood renin level is elevated in some types of hypertension

88
Q

Sediment

A

‘substance that settles at the bottom of a liquid, a precipitate can be produced by centrifuging, urine, or other body fluids

89
Q

Sterile

A

State of being free from living microorganisms; aseptic

90
Q

Uremia

A

excess of urea creatinine and other nitrogen, genius and products of protein and amino acid metabolism accumulated in the blood also referred to as azotemia in current usage. It refers to the syndrome associated with end stage renal failure.

91
Q

Ureteroplasty

A

surgical repair of a ureter

92
Q

ureterostomy

A

 surgical creation of a new opening into the ureter to provide an alternate route for drainage of urine

93
Q

Urethral stricture

A

narrowing or constriction of the urethra

94
Q

urethroperineal

A

pertaining to the urethra and perineum

95
Q

Urgency

A

sudden need to void urinate

96
Q

Urination

A

The release of urine from the bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body to void

97
Q

Urobilin

A

Brown pigment, formed by the oxidation of urobilinogen may be formed in the urine after exposure to air

98
Q

Urochrome

A

Pigment that gives you’re in the normal yellow color

99
Q

Urologist

A

physician who specializes in the study of the urinary system

100
Q

Urology

A

Study of the urinary system

H EDU 3030 (12 decks)

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